Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/trьvoga

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Of unclear origin; perhaps from *trьvati (“to endure, to evade”) +‎ *-oga. The etymon has also been compared to Russian отва́га (otvága, “bravery”), which is of Germanic origin.

Noun

*trьvoga f

1. alarm
2. alert

Inflection

Declension of *trьvoga (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*trьvoga	*trьvodzě	*trьvogy
genitive	*trьvogy	*trьvogu	*trьvogъ
dative	*trьvodzě	*trьvogama	*trьvogamъ
accusative	*trьvogǫ	*trьvodzě	*trьvogy
instrumental	*trьvogojǫ, *trьvogǭ**	*trьvogama	*trьvogamī
locative	*trьvodzě	*trьvogu	*trьvogasъ, *trьvogaxъ*
vocative	*trьvogo	*trьvodzě	*trьvogy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

• *trьvožiti (“to worry”)
• *trьvožьnъ (“worrisome”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: трыво́га (tryvóha)
  • Russian: трево́га (trevóga)

    • → Bulgarian: трево́га (trevóga)
    • → Macedonian: тревога (trevoga)

  • Ukrainian: триво́га (tryvóha)
• West Slavic:
  • Polish: trwoga