Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/trъvati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Snoj, (effectively) from a w-extension of Proto-Indo-European *treh₂- (“to pass, to cross over”). Compare Proto-Indo-European *térh₂uti (“to overcome”).

Verb

*trъvàti impf

1. to last
2. to hold up, to endure
3. (by extension) to insist, to keep up trying

Conjugation

Conjugation of *trъvati, *trъva, *trъvajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*trъvanьje	*trъvati	*trъvatъ	*trъvalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*trъvanъ	*trъvajemъ
Active	*trъvavъ	*trъvaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*trъvaxъ	*trъva	*trъva	*trъvajǫ	*trъvaješi	*trъvajetь
Dual	*trъvaxově	*trъvasta	*trъvaste	*trъvajevě	*trъvajeta	*trъvajete
Plural	*trъvaxomъ	*trъvaste	*trъvašę	*trъvajemъ	*trъvajete	*trъvajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*trъvaaxъ	*trъvaaše	*trъvaaše	—	*trъvaji	*trъvaji
Dual	*trъvaaxově	*trъvaašeta	*trъvaašete	*trъvajivě	*trъvajita	—
Plural	*trъvaaxomъ	*trъvaašete	*trъvaaxǫ	*trъvajimъ	*trъvajite	—

Related terms

• *trati, *trajati (“to last”)
• *tъtriti (sę) (“to stroll, to amble”)

Descendants

• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: trvati
    • Czech: trvat
  • Old Polish: trwać
    • Polish: trwać
      • → Old Ruthenian: трывати (tryvati), тривати (trivati), трвати (trvati), трвать (trvatʹ)
        • Belarusian: трыва́ць (tryvácʹ)
        • Ukrainian: трива́ти (tryváty)
    • Silesian: twać
  • Slovak: trvať
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: trëwac
    • Slovincian: trwac
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: trwaś

Further reading

• Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “trwać Proto-Slavic/trъvati”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna