Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/starъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *stāˀras, from Proto-Indo-European *sth₂-ró-s. Morphologically *stati +‎ *-rъ.

Baltic cognates include Lithuanian stóras (“thick, fat”).

Indo-European cognates include Proto-Germanic *stōraz, Sanskrit स्थिर (sthira).

Adjective

*stàrъ (comparative *starějь)

old

Inflection

Accent paradigm a.

Indefinite declension of *starъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*starъ	*stara	*staro
genitive	*stara	*stary	*stara
dative	*staru	*starě	*staru
accusative	*starъ	*starǫ	*staro
instrumental	*staromь	*starojǫ	*staromь
locative	*starě	*starě	*starě
vocative	*stare	*staro	*staro
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*stara	*starě	*starě
genitive	*staru	*staru	*staru
dative	*staroma	*starama	*staroma
accusative	*stara	*starě	*starě
instrumental	*staroma	*starama	*staroma
locative	*staru	*staru	*staru
vocative	*stara	*starě	*starě
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*stari	*stary	*stara
genitive	*starъ	*starъ	*starъ
dative	*staromъ	*staramъ	*staromъ
accusative	*stary	*stary	*stara
instrumental	*stary	*starami	*stary
locative	*starěxъ	*staraxъ	*starěxъ
vocative	*stari	*stary	*stara

Definite declension of *starъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*starъjь	*staraja	*staroje
genitive	*starajego	*staryję̇	*starajego
dative	*starujemu	*starěji	*starujemu
accusative	*starъjь	*starǫjǫ	*staroje
instrumental	*staryjimь	*starǫjǫ	*staryjimь
locative	*starějemь	*starěji	*starějemь
vocative	*starъjь	*staraja	*staroje
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*staraja	*starěji	*starěji
genitive	*staruju	*staruju	*staruju
dative	*staryjima	*staryjima	*staryjima
accusative	*staraja	*starěji	*starěji
instrumental	*staryjima	*staryjima	*staryjima
locative	*staruju	*staruju	*staruju
vocative	*staraja	*starěji	*starěji
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*stariji	*staryję̇	*staraja
genitive	*starъjixъ	*starъjixъ	*starъjixъ
dative	*staryjimъ	*staryjimъ	*staryjimъ
accusative	*staryję̇	*staryję̇	*staraja
instrumental	*staryjimi	*staryjimi	*staryjimi
locative	*staryjixъ	*staryjixъ	*staryjixъ
vocative	*stariji	*staryję̇	*staraja

Derived terms

*starьcь m (“old man”), *starica f (“old woman”)
*starěti (“to grow old”)
*starostь (“anility, state of being old”)
*starokъ (“veteran, elderly”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: старъ (starŭ)
  - Belarusian: стары́ (starý)
  - Russian: ста́рый (stáryj)
  - Carpathian Rusyn: стары́й (starŷ́j)
  - Ukrainian: стари́й (starýj)
- Old Novgorodian: старе (stare)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: старъ (starŭ)
  
  Glagolitic: ⱄⱅⰰⱃⱏ (starŭ)
- Bulgarian: стар (star)
- Macedonian: стар (star)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ста̏р
  
  Latin script: stȁr
- Slovene: stȁr (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: starý
  - Czech: starý
- Old Polish: stary
  - Polish: stary, story (Southern Greater Poland)
  - Silesian: stary
- Slovak: starý
- Polabian: storĕ
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: stôri
  - Slovincian: story
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: stary
  - Lower Sorbian: stary

Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 465
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “старый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “старый”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 199
Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “старый”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa