Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/praviti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *pravъ (“right, straight”) +‎ *-iti.

Verb

*pràviti impf^[1]^[2]

(transitive) to straighten, to order, to adjust (to set or make straight, right, level, correct)
1. → to rule, to control, to lead, to be in charge (possibly a calque of Latin regō or Ancient Greek ἄρχω (árkhō))
  Synonyms: *voditi, *ręditi, *kъrmovati
2. → to cope, to manage, to carry on
  Synonym: *vьršiti
3. → to do, to make, to produce
  Synonyms: *děti, *činiti, *tvoriti
4. → to correct, to tend, to mend
(transitive, intransitive) to tell, to discourse, to convey (to pass information, opinion, orders, verdicts)
Synonyms: *reťi, *kazati
1. → to preach, to propagate
  Synonym: *propověděti
2. → to proclaim, to enact
(reflexive) (+ *sę) to pretend, to comply

Inflection

Conjugation of *praviti, *pravi, *pravitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*pravľenьje	*praviti	*pravitъ	*pravilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*pravľenъ	*pravimъ
Active	*pravľь	*pravę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pravixъ	*pravi	*pravi	*pravľǫ	*praviši	*pravitь
Dual	*pravixově	*pravista	*praviste	*pravivě	*pravita	*pravite
Plural	*pravixomъ	*praviste	*pravišę	*pravimъ	*pravite	*pravętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pravľaaxъ	*pravľaaše	*pravľaaše	—	*pravi	*pravi
Dual	*pravľaaxově	*pravľaašeta	*pravľaašete	*pravivě	*pravita	—
Plural	*pravľaaxomъ	*pravľaašete	*pravľaaxǫ	*pravimъ	*pravite	—

(*)*pravivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Derived terms

nouns

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: правити (praviti)
  - Old Ruthenian: пра́вити (práviti)
    - Belarusian: пра́віць (právicʹ)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: пра́вити (právyty)
    - Ukrainian: пра́вити (právyty)
  - Russian: пра́вить (právitʹ)
South Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: правити (praviti)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⱂⱃⰰⰲⰻⱅⰻ (praviti)
- Bulgarian: пра́вя (právja)
- Macedonian: прави (pravi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: пра̏вити
  
  Latin script: prȁviti
  - Chakavian (Crikvenica): prȁvit (“to speak, tell”)
  - Chakavian (Kukljica): prȃviti
  - Kajkavian (Ozalj): prȁviti (“to speak, tell”)
- Slovene: práviti (tonal orthography)
  - (Črni vrh, Idrija): prȃi̯ť
West Slavic
- Old Czech: praviti
  - Czech: pravit
    - Moravian (Mistřice): pravit
- Old Polish: prawić
  - Polish: prawić
- Slovincian: prawjic
- Slovak: praviť

References

^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “praviti: pravjǫ pravitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a udrette (PR 133; MP 26)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “praviti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *pra̋viti”