Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/počivati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Iterative of *počiti (“to rest”) +‎ *-vati, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷyeh₁-. Probably originally meaning to repose, to stay still - a meaning attested in Indo-European cognates such as Latin quiēscō (“to repose, to rest”), Proto-Germanic *hwīlāną (“to pause for a while”).

Verb

*počivati impf (perfective *počinǫti)

1. to rest, to take a break
2. (figurative) to die, to pass away

Inflection

Conjugation of *počivati, *počiva, *počivajetь (impf., -V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*počivatьje	*počivati	*počivatъ	*počivalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*počivatъ	*počivajemъ
Active	*počivavъ	*počivaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*počivaxъ	*počiva	*počiva	*počivajǫ	*počivaješi	*počivajetь
Dual	*počivaxově	*počivasta	*počivaste	*počivajevě	*počivajeta	*počivajete
Plural	*počivaxomъ	*počivaste	*počivašę	*počivajemъ	*počivajete	*počivajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*počivaaxъ	*počivaaše	*počivaaše	—	*počivaji	*počivaji
Dual	*počivaaxově	*počivaašeta	*počivaašete	*počivajivě	*počivajita	—
Plural	*počivaaxomъ	*počivaašete	*počivaaxǫ	*počivajimъ	*počivajite	—

Derived terms

• *jьzpočivati
• *otъpočivati
• *sъpočivati

Related terms

• *pokojь (“rest”)
• *sъpokojьnъ (“calm, composed”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Russian: почива́ть (počivátʹ)
  • Ukrainian: почива́ти (počyváty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: почивати (počivati)
  • Bulgarian: почи́вам (počívam)
  • Macedonian: почива (počiva)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: почѝвати

    Latin script: počìvati

  • Slovene: počívati (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Polish: poczywać
    • Polish: odpoczywać
  • Slovak: odpočívať
  • Sorbian:
    • ⇒ Lower Sorbian: wótpočywaś
    • ⇒ Upper Sorbian: wotpočować

Further reading

• Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “почивам, почина”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 567
• Snoj, Marko (2016) “počìvati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si