Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/orǫdьje
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From *orǫdъ/*obrǫdъ, *orǫdь/*obrǫdь, *orǫdа/*obrǫda + *-ьje (“collective”) (cf. Slovene orọ̑d m or f (“tool”)), from **oręsti/**vъręsti/**obręsti (**orędati/**vъrędati/**obrędati), from *on-/*vъn-/*ob- + **ręsti (**rędati):
- *ob- (reconstructed by ESSJa): is improbable, because *obr- > *or- is not regular. It is only supported by few Belarusian and Russian words, which may be secondary/unrelated:
- *on-: n was early dropped by dissimilation *anrand- > *arand-,[2][3] but examples/counterexamples are not given, except for Proto-Slavic *sumьněti < *sǫmьněti. See also *ogňь, *voda.
- Only attested verbs are Proto-Slavic *ręditi, *rędimъ (-i- type) and Slovene narèsti, naredím (-C/i- type). If latter is inherited, it would be unique in its C/i type, however: 1) there is another limited -a/i- type, 2) some -C- type verbs (ending in 'd': *ěsti, *bosti, *krasti, *klasti, *pasti, ..?) can dervive words by using *-idlo, *-ivъ, *-ьba, *-ežь suffixes which are regular for -i- type verbs.
Some authors derive it from (please verify) Old High German āranti, (please verify) aronti, ārunti, (please verify) arunti, (please verify) arundi, (please verify) ārundi n (“message, affair”)[4] (< Proto-West Germanic *ārundī n, somehow from Proto-Germanic *airundiją n, from *airuz (“messenger”) with some suffix) without explanation why OHG *ā gave PS *o (compare Proto-Slavic *lagy).
Related to Slovincian n̕åřądło n (“?tool”),[5] Proto-Slavic *narędьje,[6] *narędъ,[7] *narędьba[8] (< *naręditi).
Noun
[edit]*orǫdьjȅ n[9]
Declension
[edit]Declension of *orǫdьje (soft o-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *orǫdьje | *orǫdьji | *orǫdьja |
| genitive | *orǫdьja | *orǫdьju | *orǫdьjь |
| dative | *orǫdьju | *orǫdьjema | *orǫdьjemъ |
| accusative | *orǫdьje | *orǫdьji | *orǫdьja |
| instrumental | *orǫdьjьmь, *orǫdьjemь* | *orǫdьjema | *orǫdьji |
| locative | *orǫdьji | *orǫdьju | *orǫdьjixъ |
| vocative | *orǫdьje | *orǫdьji | *orǫdьja |
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
See also
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Non-Slavic:
- → Albanian: orendi
References
[edit]- ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (2002), “*obrъtь/*obrъta/*obrъtъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 29 (*obpovědati – *obsojьnica), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 131
- ^ Aleksandar Loma (2020) “Оружие, орудие, серб. урутка и смешение приставок”, in Зборник Матице српске за филологију и лингвистику [Matica Serbica, Classis Litterarum, Archivum Philologicum et Linguisticum], volume 63, number 1, Novi Sad: ?, page 11
- ^ Aleksandar Loma (2019) “Оружие, орудие и смешение приставок”, in Этнолингвистика. Ономастика. Этимология. Материалы IV Международной научной конференции., Yekaterinburg: Ural University Publishing House, page 208
- ^ Stefan Michael Newerkla (2011) “orudie”, in Schriften über Sprachen und Texte. Sprachkontakte Deutsch – Tschechisch – Slowakisch. Wörterbuch der deutschen Lehnwörter im Tschechischen und Slowakischen: historische Entwicklung, Beleglage, bischerige und neue Deutungen., 2nd edition, volume 7, Bern: Peter Lang, page 133
- ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1995), “*narędlo”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 22 (*naděliti – *narodъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 245
- ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1995), “*narędьje”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 22 (*naděliti – *narodъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 246
- ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1995), “*narędъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 22 (*naděliti – *narodъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 245
- ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1995), “*narędьba”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 22 (*naděliti – *narodъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 245
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “orodje”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *orǫ́dьjȅ (ali *orǫdьjȅ)”
Further reading
[edit]- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*orǫdьje”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 375
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (2002), “*obrǫdьje”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 29 (*obpovědati – *obsojьnica), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 120
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “орудие”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 605
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “орудие”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “оръдие”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 930
- И. П. Петлева (1982) “Этимологические заметки по славянской лексике. XI*. Континуанты *rǫd- (к *ręd-).”, in Этимология 1980, Moscow, page 36