Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/maxati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *māˀs-, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂s-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂- (“to beckon”). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian mosúoti (“to wave”). See *majati (“to wave, to beckon”) for more.

Verb

*māxàti impf^[1]^[2]

to wave

Inflection

Conjugation of *maxati, *maxa, *mašetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*maxanьje	*maxati	*maxatъ	*maxalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*maxanъ	*mašemъ
Active	*maxavъ	*mašę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*maxaxъ	*maxa	*maxa	*mašǫ	*mašeši	*mašetь
Dual	*maxaxově	*maxasta	*maxaste	*maševě	*mašeta	*mašete
Plural	*maxaxomъ	*maxaste	*maxašę	*mašemъ	*mašete	*mašǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*maxaaxъ	*maxaaše	*maxaaše	—	*maši	*maši
Dual	*maxaaxově	*maxaašeta	*maxaašete	*mašivě	*mašita	—
Plural	*maxaaxomъ	*maxaašete	*maxaaxǫ	*mašimъ	*mašite	—

Conjugation of *maxati, *maxa, *maxajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*maxanьje	*maxati	*maxatъ	*maxalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*maxanъ	*maxajemъ
Active	*maxavъ	*maxaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*maxaxъ	*maxa	*maxa	*maxajǫ	*maxaješi	*maxajetь
Dual	*maxaxově	*maxasta	*maxaste	*maxajevě	*maxajeta	*maxajete
Plural	*maxaxomъ	*maxaste	*maxašę	*maxajemъ	*maxajete	*maxajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*maxaaxъ	*maxaaše	*maxaaše	—	*maxaji	*maxaji
Dual	*maxaaxově	*maxaašeta	*maxaašete	*maxajivě	*maxajita	—
Plural	*maxaaxomъ	*maxaašete	*maxaaxǫ	*maxajimъ	*maxajite	—

Related terms

*majati, *mavati (“to wave, to beckon”)
*manǫti (“to beckon”)
*mamiti, *maniti (“to deceive”)
*mȃmъ (“deceit”)
*mara (“ghost, apparition”)
*morà (“nightly spirit, nightmare”)
*matati (“to frighten? to swindle?”)

Descendants

Church Slavonic: махати (maxati)

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: махати (maxati)
  - Belarusian: маха́ць (maxácʹ)
  - Russian: маха́ть (maxátʹ)
  - Ukrainian: маха́ти (maxáty)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: ма́хам (máham)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ма́хати
  
  Latin script: máhati
- Slovene: máhati, maháti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: máchati
  - Czech: máchat
- Old Polish: machać
  - Polish: machać
- Slovak: máchať
- Slovincian: machac
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: machać
  - Lower Sorbian: machaś

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*māxàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 298: “v. ‘wave’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “maxati: maxjǫ maxjetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b svinge, vinke (PR 137)”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*māxàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 298: “v. ‘wave’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “maxati: maxjǫ maxjetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b svinge, vinke (PR 137)”

[1]

[2]