Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lъgati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lugtei, from Proto-Indo-European *lugʰ-yé-ti, ye-present of *lewgʰ- (“to lie, to tell falsehood”).

Cognate with Lithuanian lūgóti (“to request, bet”), Latvian lùgt (“to request, invite”).

Noun

*lъgàti impf

1. to lie

   Synonym: *klamati

Inflection

Conjugation of *lъgati, *lъga, *lъžetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*lъganьje	*lъgati	*lъgatъ	*lъgalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*lъganъ	*lъžemъ
Active	*lъgavъ	*lъžę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*lъgaxъ	*lъga	*lъga	*lъžǫ	*lъžeši	*lъžetь
Dual	*lъgaxově	*lъgasta	*lъgaste	*lъževě	*lъžeta	*lъžete
Plural	*lъgaxomъ	*lъgaste	*lъgašę	*lъžemъ	*lъžete	*lъžǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*lъgaaxъ	*lъgaaše	*lъgaaše	—	*lъži	*lъži
Dual	*lъgaaxově	*lъgaašeta	*lъgaašete	*lъživě	*lъžita	—
Plural	*lъgaaxomъ	*lъgaašete	*lъgaaxǫ	*lъžimъ	*lъžite	—

Related terms

• *lъža (“lie”)
• *lъžь (“lie, falsehood”)
  • *lъžujьkъ (“deceitful, deceptive month; March”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: лъгати (lŭgati), лгати (lgati)
    • Belarusian: ілга́ць (ilhácʹ), лгаць (lhacʹ)
    • Russian: лгать (lgatʹ)
    • Ukrainian: лга́ти (lháty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: лъгати (lŭgati)

    Glagolitic: ⰾⱏⰳⰰⱅⰹ (lŭgati)

  • Bulgarian: лъ́жа (lǎ́ža)
  • Macedonian: ла́же (láže)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ла̀гати

    Latin script: làgati

  • Slovene: lagáti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: lháti
    • Czech: lhát
  • Kashubian: łżec
  • Polabian: låzĕs (< *lъžešь)
  • Polish: łgać, łżeć
  • Slovak: luhať, lhať
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: łhaś
    • Upper Sorbian: łhać

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “лгать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1990), “*lъgati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 16 (*lokadlo – *lъživьcь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 233
• Gluhak, Alemko (1993) “Proto-Slavic/lъgati”, in Hrvatski etimološki rječnik [Croatian Etymology Dictionary] (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: August Cesarec, →ISBN, page 366