Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kuriti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Cognate with Lithuanian kùrti (“to light, to kindle, to make, to create”) (1sg. kuriù), Latvian kur̃t (“to light, to kindle”) (1sg. kuŗu). Balto-Slavic words are often compared to Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌹 (hauri, “coal”), Old Norse hyrr (“fire”). Vasmer adds Old Armenian կրակ (krak, “fire”) from *kurak-.

Chernykh suggests an Indo-European root *ker-. Derksen reconstructs a putative Indo-European root *kerH-, in which case the Germanic cognates are correct, as well as probably Latin carbō (“charcoal”).

Another possibility suggested by Derksen: from Proto-Indo-European *kʷr̥-, zero grade of *kʷer- (hence cognate with Sanskrit कृणोति (kṛṇóti, “to do, to make”) but probably not with the above Germanic cognates), although a laryngeal would be expected due to the East Baltic accentuation.

Verb

*kūrìti

1. to smoke

Inflection

Conjugation of *kuriti, *kuri, *kuritь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*kuřenьje	*kuriti	*kuritъ	*kurilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*kuřenъ	*kurimъ
Active	*kuřь	*kurę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*kurixъ	*kuri	*kuri	*kuřǫ	*kuriši	*kuritь
Dual	*kurixově	*kurista	*kuriste	*kurivě	*kurita	*kurite
Plural	*kurixomъ	*kuriste	*kurišę	*kurimъ	*kurite	*kurętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*kuřaaxъ	*kuřaaše	*kuřaaše	—	*kuri	*kuri
Dual	*kuřaaxově	*kuřaašeta	*kuřaašete	*kurivě	*kurita	—
Plural	*kuřaaxomъ	*kuřaašete	*kuřaaxǫ	*kurimъ	*kurite	—

Notes:
• (*)*kurivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Derived terms

• *kuřenьje

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: кꙋрити (kuriti)
    • Belarusian: куры́ць (kurýcʹ)
    • Russian: кури́ть (kurítʹ)
      • → Kildin Sami: кӯррэ (kūrre)
    • Ukrainian: кури́ти (kurýty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: коуритъ (kuritŭ, 3sg.)

    Glagolitic script: [Term?]

  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ку́рити (dialectal)

    Latin script: kúriti (dialectal)

  • Slovene: kurīti, kúriti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Kashubian: kùrzëc
  • Old Czech: kúřiti
    • Czech: kouřit
  • Polish: kurzyć
  • Silesian: kurzić
  • Slovak: kúriť
  • Slovincian: kúrzëc
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: kurić
    • Lower Sorbian: kuriś

Further reading

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “кури́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 456
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кури́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kuriti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 123