Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/(j)azъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēź-, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵ(h₂).
- According to Kapović, *ja derives from Proto-Indo-European *éǵ(h₂), while *jazъ derives from *eǵHóm.
- Kortlandt, responding to Kapović, derives *jàzъ from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēˀźun, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵHóm, and rejects *ja as secondary.
- Olander similarly reconstructs only a single early Proto-Slavic form, *ˈēzu, to yield later *ja̋zъ, *já.
Pronoun
[edit]Declension
[edit]Declension of the personal pronouns
| Singular | 1st person | 2nd person | Reflexive |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *jãzъ, *jà | *ty̑ | — |
| Accusative | *mę̑ | *tę̑ | *sę̑ |
| Genitive | *mȅne | *tȅbe | *sȅbe |
| Locative | *mьně̀ | *tebě̀ | *sebě̀ |
| Dative | *mьně̀, *mi | *tebě̀, *ti | *sebě̀, *si |
| Instrumental | *mъnòjǫ, *mъnojǫ̀ | *tobòjǫ, *tobojǫ̀ | *sobòjǫ, *sobojǫ̀ |
| Possessive | *mojь | *tvojь | *svojь |
| Dual | 1st person | 2nd person | Reflexive |
| Nominative | *vě̑ | *vȃ | — |
| Accusative | *nȃ | *vȃ | *sę̑ |
| Genitive | *nàju | *vàju | *sȅbe |
| Locative | *nàju | *vàju | *sebě̀ |
| Dative | *nàma, *na | *vàma, *va | *sebě̀, *si |
| Instrumental | *nàma | *vàma | *sobòjǫ, *sobojǫ̀ |
| Possessive | *našь | *vašь | *svojь |
| Plural | 1st person | 2nd person | Reflexive |
| Nominative | *my̑ | *vy̑ | — |
| Accusative | *ny̑ | *vy̑ | *sę̑ |
| Genitive | *nàsъ | *vàsъ | *sȅbe |
| Locative | *nàsъ | *vàsъ | *sebě̀ |
| Dative | *nàmъ, *ny | *vàmъ, *vy | *sebě̀, *si |
| Instrumental | *nàmi | *vàmi | *sobòjǫ, *sobojǫ̀ |
| Possessive | *našь | *vašь | *svojь |
Derived terms
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Bulgarian: аз (az), а́зе (áze), яз (jaz), я́зе (jáze), (all of the following dialectal) я́зека (jázeka), я (ja), ес (es), йес (jes)
- Macedonian: (standard) јас (jas), (dialectal) ја (ja), (dialectal) јазе (jaze), (dialectal) јаска (jaska)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: jȁz (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
Further reading
[edit]- Mate Kapović (2009), “The accent of Slavic *ja(zъ) ‘I’”, Studies in Slavic and General Linguistics (7891-352X) 35 (2009); pages 53–73
- Mate Kapović (2006), “Reconstruction of Balto-Slavic Personal Pronouns with Emphasis on Accentuation”, PhD dissertation, University of Zadar
- Frederik Kortlandt (2013), “Balto-Slavic personal pronouns and their accentuation”, Baltistica 48/1 (2013), pages 5–11
- Thomas Olander (2015), Proto-Slavic Inflectional Morphology: A Comparative Handbook, pages 78–79
References
[edit]- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*azъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 31: “prn. ‘I’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “ja”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “I: cf. table X”