Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jaro

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative reconstructions

• *ěro (Derksen)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *jeˀro-, from Proto-Indo-European *yōro- or *yēro- (“year”).

Cognate with Lithuanian jė́ras (“lamb”), Latvian ję̃rs (“lamb”), Avestan 𐬫𐬁𐬭- (yār-, “year”), Ancient Greek ὥρᾱ (hṓrā, “any defined period of time, season, year”), Proto-Germanic *jērą (“year”), Latin hōrnus (“of this year”).

Noun

*jȃro n

1. spring

   Synonym: *vesnà

Declension

Declension of *jȃro (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*jȃro	*jȃrě	*jarà
genitive	*jȃra	*jarù	*jãrъ
dative	*jȃru	*jaromà	*jaròmъ
accusative	*jȃro	*jȃrě	*jarà
instrumental	*jȃrъmь, *jȃromь*	*jaromà	*jarý
locative	*jȃrě	*jarù	*jarě̃xъ
vocative	*jaro	*jȃrě	*jarà

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Alternative forms

• *jara f
• *jarь f
• *jarъ m

Derived terms

• *jarę
• *jarętina
• *jarica
• *jarina
• *jarьcь
• *jarьnъ
• *jarovъ
• *jarъka
• *jarъkъ

 

Descendants

• West Slavic:
  • Czech: jaro
  • Polish: jaro (dated)
  • Slovak: jaro
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: jaro (dated)

See also

• *vetъxъ
• *godъ (“suitable time”)
• *rokъ (“time, term”)
• (seasons) *vermę goda; *jaro / *vesna, *lěto, *(j)esenь, *zima

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “яра”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ěro; *ěra; *ěrъ I”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 151