Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wósr̥
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Perhaps from *h₁wes-, *h₁ews- (“to become warm; to burn”) + *-r̥ (r/n-stem suffix)
Noun
[edit]*wósr̥ n (oblique stem *wésn̥-)[1][2]
- spring (season)
Inflection
[edit]Older acrostatic pattern:
| Athematic, acrostatic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *wósr̥ | ||
| genitive | *wésn̥s | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *wósr̥ | — | — |
| vocative | *wósr̥ | — | — |
| accusative | *wósr̥ | — | — |
| genitive | *wésn̥s | — | — |
| ablative | *wésn̥s | — | — |
| dative | *wésney | — | — |
| locative | *wésn̥, *wésni | — | — |
| instrumental | *wésn̥h₁ | — | — |
Later proterokinetic pattern:
| Athematic, proterokinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *wésr̥ | ||
| genitive | *uséns | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *wésr̥ | *wésrih₁ | *wésr̥h₂ |
| vocative | *wésr̥ | *wésrih₁ | *wésr̥h₂ |
| accusative | *wésr̥ | *wésrih₁ | *wésr̥h₂ |
| genitive | *uséns | *? | *usénoHom |
| ablative | *uséns | *? | *usénmos, *usénbʰos |
| dative | *uséney | *? | *usénmos, *usénbʰos |
| locative | *usén, *uséni | *? | *usénsu |
| instrumental | *usénh₁ | *? | *usénmis, *usénbʰis |
Alternative reconstructions
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- *wésn-ont-s ~ *usn̥-n̥t-és
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Armenian:
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *was(e)r (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Celtic: *wesrū
- Proto-Germanic: *wazrą (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *wéhər
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásr̥ (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *wezor (see there for further descendants)
See also
[edit]| Seasons in Proto-Indo-European · [Term?] (layout · text) · category | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| *wósr̥ (“spring”) | *semh₂- (“summer”) | *(s)h₁es- (“autumn”) | *ǵʰéyōm (“winter”) |
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lipp, Reiner (2009) Die indogermanischen und einzelsprachlichen Palatale im Indoiranischen: Neurekonstruktion, Nuristan-Sprachen, Genese der indoarischen Retroflexe, Indoarisch von Mitanni (Indogermanische Bibliothek; 3) (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Winter, page 164: “vor-uridg. *h₂u̯ós-r̥/ Obl. *h₂u̯és-n-/ Lok. *h₂u̯os-én bzw. *h₂u̯os-ér > uridg. *u̯ós-r (lautlich)/ Obi. *h₂u̯és-n- (lautlich) neben *u̯és-n- (analogisch)/ Lok. *u̯os-én bzw. *u̯os-ér (lautlich)”
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*wasra- ~ *wazra-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 575: “PCelt. *wesant-”
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “u̯es-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag: “*u̯esr-”
- ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 306: “*wesr̥ *wesnes”
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN