Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlitós
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From *ḱley- (“to shelter, cover”) + *-tós (deverbal adjectival suffix).
Adjective
[edit]*ḱlitós (non-ablauting)
Inflection
[edit]| Thematic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *ḱlitós | *ḱlitéh₂ | |
| genitive | *ḱlitósyo | *ḱlitéh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ḱlitós | *ḱlitóh₁ | *ḱlitóes |
| vocative | *ḱlité | *ḱlitóh₁ | *ḱlitóes |
| accusative | *ḱlitóm | *ḱlitóh₁ | *ḱlitóms |
| genitive | *ḱlitósyo | *? | *ḱlitóHom |
| ablative | *ḱlitéad | *? | *ḱlitómos, *ḱlitóbʰos |
| dative | *ḱlitóey | *? | *ḱlitómos, *ḱlitóbʰos |
| locative | *ḱlitéy, *ḱlitóy | *? | *ḱlitóysu |
| instrumental | *ḱlitóh₁ | *? | *ḱlitṓys |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ḱlitéh₂ | *ḱlitéh₂h₁(e) | *ḱlitéh₂es |
| vocative | *ḱlitéh₂ | *ḱlitéh₂h₁(e) | *ḱlitéh₂es |
| accusative | *ḱlitā́m | *ḱlitéh₂h₁(e) | *ḱlitéh₂m̥s |
| genitive | *ḱlitéh₂s | *? | *ḱlitéh₂oHom |
| ablative | *ḱlitéh₂s | *? | *ḱlitéh₂mos, *ḱlitéh₂bʰos |
| dative | *ḱlitéh₂ey | *? | *ḱlitéh₂mos, *ḱlitéh₂bʰos |
| locative | *ḱlitéh₂, *ḱlitéh₂i | *? | *ḱlitéh₂su |
| instrumental | *ḱlitéh₂h₁ | *? | *ḱlitéh₂mis, *ḱlitéh₂bʰis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ḱlitóm | *ḱlitóy(h₁) | *ḱlitéh₂ |
| vocative | *ḱlitóm | *ḱlitóy(h₁) | *ḱlitéh₂ |
| accusative | *ḱlitóm | *ḱlitóy(h₁) | *ḱlitéh₂ |
| genitive | *ḱlitósyo | *? | *ḱlitóHom |
| ablative | *ḱlitéad | *? | *ḱlitómos, *ḱlitóbʰos |
| dative | *ḱlitóey | *? | *ḱlitómos, *ḱlitóbʰos |
| locative | *ḱlitéy, *ḱlitóy | *? | *ḱlitóysu |
| instrumental | *ḱlitóh₁ | *? | *ḱlitṓys |
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Celtic: *klitos (“covered, sheltered”)[1] (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *hlidą (see there for further descendants)
Etymology 2
[edit]From *ḱley- (“to lean, slope”) + *-tós.
Adjective
[edit]*ḱlitós (non-ablauting)
Inflection
[edit]| Thematic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *ḱlitós | *ḱlitéh₂ | |
| genitive | *ḱlitósyo | *ḱlitéh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ḱlitós | *ḱlitóh₁ | *ḱlitóes |
| vocative | *ḱlité | *ḱlitóh₁ | *ḱlitóes |
| accusative | *ḱlitóm | *ḱlitóh₁ | *ḱlitóms |
| genitive | *ḱlitósyo | *? | *ḱlitóHom |
| ablative | *ḱlitéad | *? | *ḱlitómos, *ḱlitóbʰos |
| dative | *ḱlitóey | *? | *ḱlitómos, *ḱlitóbʰos |
| locative | *ḱlitéy, *ḱlitóy | *? | *ḱlitóysu |
| instrumental | *ḱlitóh₁ | *? | *ḱlitṓys |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ḱlitéh₂ | *ḱlitéh₂h₁(e) | *ḱlitéh₂es |
| vocative | *ḱlitéh₂ | *ḱlitéh₂h₁(e) | *ḱlitéh₂es |
| accusative | *ḱlitā́m | *ḱlitéh₂h₁(e) | *ḱlitéh₂m̥s |
| genitive | *ḱlitéh₂s | *? | *ḱlitéh₂oHom |
| ablative | *ḱlitéh₂s | *? | *ḱlitéh₂mos, *ḱlitéh₂bʰos |
| dative | *ḱlitéh₂ey | *? | *ḱlitéh₂mos, *ḱlitéh₂bʰos |
| locative | *ḱlitéh₂, *ḱlitéh₂i | *? | *ḱlitéh₂su |
| instrumental | *ḱlitéh₂h₁ | *? | *ḱlitéh₂mis, *ḱlitéh₂bʰis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ḱlitóm | *ḱlitóy(h₁) | *ḱlitéh₂ |
| vocative | *ḱlitóm | *ḱlitóy(h₁) | *ḱlitéh₂ |
| accusative | *ḱlitóm | *ḱlitóy(h₁) | *ḱlitéh₂ |
| genitive | *ḱlitósyo | *? | *ḱlitóHom |
| ablative | *ḱlitéad | *? | *ḱlitómos, *ḱlitóbʰos |
| dative | *ḱlitóey | *? | *ḱlitómos, *ḱlitóbʰos |
| locative | *ḱlitéy, *ḱlitóy | *? | *ḱlitóysu |
| instrumental | *ḱlitóh₁ | *? | *ḱlitṓys |
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Albanian: *klitā
- Albanian: qetë (“jagged rock”)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:
- Lithuanian: pašiltas (“bent, crooked”)
- Proto-Celtic: *klitā (“pillar, post”)[2]
- Proto-Germanic: *hliþą (“slope, incline”) (< *ḱlítom, with irregular stress shift)
- Proto-Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: ἄκλῐτος (áklitos)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćritás (“leaning”)
References
[edit]- ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “*klito-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 208
- ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “*klit-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 208