Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sinkwaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sengʷ- (“to sink, to drop”). Cognate with Old Armenian անկանիմ (ankanim) and ընկենում (ənkenum).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsiŋʷ.kʷɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*sinkwaną

1. to sink

Inflection

Conjugation of *sinkwaną (strong class 3)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*sinkwō	*sinkwaų	—	*sinkwai	?
2nd singular	*sinkwizi	*sinkwaiz	*sinkw	*sinkwazai	*sinkwaizau
3rd singular	*sinkwidi	*sinkwai	*sinkwadau	*sinkwadai	*sinkwaidau
1st dual	*sinkwōz	*sinkwaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*sinkwadiz	*sinkwaidiz	*sinkwadiz	—	—
1st plural	*sinkwamaz	*sinkwaim	—	*sinkwandai	*sinkwaindau
2nd plural	*sinkwid	*sinkwaid	*sinkwid	*sinkwandai	*sinkwaindau
3rd plural	*sinkwandi	*sinkwain	*sinkwandau	*sinkwandai	*sinkwaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*sankw	*sunkį̄
2nd singular	*sanht	*sunkīz
3rd singular	*sankw	*sunkī
1st dual	*sunkū	*sunkīw
2nd dual	*sunkudiz	*sunkīdiz
1st plural	*sunkum	*sunkīm
2nd plural	*sunkud	*sunkīd
3rd plural	*sunkun	*sunkīn
	present	past
participles	*sinkwandz	*sunkanaz

Derived terms

• *sankwijaną
• *sankwą

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *sinkwan
  • Old English: sincan
    • Middle English: synken
      • English: sink
      • Scots: sink
  • Old Frisian: sinka
    • West Frisian: sinke
  • Old Saxon: sinkan
    • Low German: sinken
  • Old Dutch: *sincan
    • Middle Dutch: sinken
      • Dutch: zinken
      • Limburgish: zinke
  • Old High German: sinkan
    • Middle High German: sinken
      • German: sinken
      • Luxembourgish: sénken
      • Yiddish: זינקען (zinken)
• Old West Norse: søkkva, sænkva
  • Icelandic: sökkva
  • Faroese: søkka
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: søkka
    • → Norwegian Bokmål: søkke
• Old East Norse: *sinkva
  • Old Swedish: siunka
    • Swedish: sjunka
  • Old Danish: siunkæ
    • Danish: synke
      • Norwegian Bokmål: synke
    • Scanian: sjønka, sjonka, sækka, sjokka
  • Gutnish: sjunke, sinke
• Gothic: 𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌽 (sigqan)