Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krampô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

According to Pfeifer, related to *krumpaz (“bent, crooked”)).

Noun

*krampô m

1. cramp
2. clasp

   Synonym: *klumpô

Inflection

Declension of *krampô (an-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*krampô	*krampaniz
Vocative	*krampô	*krampaniz
Accusative	*krampanų	*krampanunz
Genitive	*krampiniz	*krampanǫ̂
Dative	*krampini	*krampammaz
Instrumental	*krampinē	*krampammiz

Related terms

• *krampaz
• *krampijaną
• *krimpaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *krampō
  • Old Frisian: *kramp, *kromp
    • Saterland Frisian: Kroamp
    • West Frisian: kramp
  • Old Saxon: krampo
    • Middle Low German: krampe
      • German Low German: Kramp
      • → Danish: krampe
      • → Swedish: kramp
        • → Finnish: kramppi
      • → Norwegian: krampe
      • → Icelandic: krampa
      • → German: Krampe
  • Old Dutch: *krampa
    • Middle Dutch: crampe
      • Dutch: kramp
        • Afrikaans: kramp
      • → Middle English: crampe, crompe (“metal bar”)
        • English: cramp
  • → Old French: cranpe, crampe
    • Middle French: crampe
      • French: crampe
    • → Middle English: crampe, craumpe (“spasm”)
      • Scots: cramp
      • English: cramp
    • → Medieval Latin: crampa
      • → Italian: crampo
      • → Venetan: sgranfo
    • → Galician: grampa
  • Old High German: krampfo, krampho, chrampho; chramph
    • Middle High German: cramph, kramph
      • German: Krampf
      • Luxembourgish: Kramp
  • Lombard: ranf
• Gothic: *𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌼𐍀𐌰 (*krampa)
  • → Galician: cambra
  • → Portuguese: cãibra, câimbra
  • → Spanish: calambre