Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fōrijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *faraną (“to go, travel”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɸɔː.ri.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*fōrijaną

1. to cause (one) to go; lead (someone; take (someone's) lead
2. to move, carry, bring (Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

Inflection

Conjugation of *fōrijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*fōrijō	*fōrijaų	—	*fōrijai	?
2nd singular	*fōrīsi	*fōrijais	*fōrī	*fōrijasai	*fōrijaisau
3rd singular	*fōrīþi	*fōrijai	*fōrijaþau	*fōrijaþai	*fōrijaiþau
1st dual	*fōrijōs	*fōrijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*fōrijaþiz	*fōrijaiþiz	*fōrijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*fōrijamaz	*fōrijaim	—	*fōrijanþai	*fōrijainþau
2nd plural	*fōrīþ	*fōrijaiþ	*fōrīþ	*fōrijanþai	*fōrijainþau
3rd plural	*fōrijanþi	*fōrijain	*fōrijanþau	*fōrijanþai	*fōrijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*fōridǭ	*fōridēdį̄
2nd singular	*fōridēz	*fōridēdīz
3rd singular	*fōridē	*fōridēdī
1st dual	*fōridēdū	*fōridēdīw
2nd dual	*fōridēdudiz	*fōridēdīdiz
1st plural	*fōridēdum	*fōridēdīm
2nd plural	*fōridēdud	*fōridēdīd
3rd plural	*fōridēdun	*fōridēdīn
	present	past
participles	*fōrijandz	*fōridaz

Derived terms

• *fōrīniz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *fōrijan
  • Old English: fēran
    • Middle English: feren, fearen (merged with descendant of Old English faran)
  • Old Frisian: fēra
    • Saterland Frisian: fiere
    • West Frisian: fiere
  • Old Saxon: fōrian
    • Middle Low German: vôren, vuren
      • German Low German: föhren
  • Old Dutch: fuoren
    • Middle Dutch: voeren, voren, vuren, vueren
      • Dutch: voeren
        • Afrikaans: voer
      • Limburgish: veure
  • Old High German: fuoren
    • Middle High German: vüeren
      • Bavarian: fiarn
        • Cimbrian: vüuran, büuran (Mezzaselva)
      • Central Franconian: führe, fiehre
        • Luxembourgish: féieren
      • German: führen
      • Yiddish: פֿירן (firn)
• Proto-Norse:
  • Old Norse: fǿra, fœra, færa
    • Icelandic: færa
    • Faroese: føra
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: føra
    • Old Swedish: fø̄ra
      • Swedish: föra
    • Danish: føre
      • Norwegian Bokmål: føre
      • → English: fure