Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/arô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃érō (“eagle”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑ.rɔːː/

Noun

*arô m

1. eagle

Inflection

Originally an n-stem with the zero grade forms of the suffix, as in *berô and Latin carō. When used as the first element in a compound word, the form arnu- is used.

consonant stemDeclension of *arô (consonant stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*arô	*arniz
vocative	*arô	*arniz
accusative	*arnų	*arnunz
genitive	*arniz	*arnǫ̂
dative	*arni	*arnumaz
instrumental	*arnē	*arnumiz

Descendants

In most languages, the oblique stem was generalised, generally as a u-stem.

• Proto-West Germanic: *arō, *arn
  • Old English: earn
    • Middle English: ern, arn, aryn, eerne, eren, erne, eron, ærn, earn (Early Middle English)
      • English: erne
      • Scots: earn, ern, erne
  • Old Frisian: *ern
    • North Frisian: earn, iarn
    • West Frisian: earn
  • Old Saxon: aro, *arn, *aran
    • Middle Low German: ārn, arne, arnt, arndt, aren, ārent
      • Low German: Aar, Arend
  • Old Dutch: *aro, *aran
    • Middle Dutch: āer, āren
      • Dutch: aar, arend
  • Old High German: aro, arn, arin
    • Middle High German: are, ar
      • German: Aar (poetic)
• Old Norse: ari, ǫrn
  • Icelandic: örn
  • Faroese: ørn
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: ørn
  • Elfdalian: örn
  • Old Swedish: ørn
    • Swedish: örn
  • Old Danish: ørn
    • Danish: ørn
      • Norwegian Bokmål: ørn
    • Scanian: ǫrn
  • Gutnish: ann, örn
• Gothic: 𐌰𐍂𐌰 (ara)