Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/rigeti

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *Hreyǵ- (“to bind, stretch”). Due to the semantic distance, the "bind" and "stretch" meanings have been assumed to be different roots, but De Vaan considers them the same root.

Verb

*rigeti

1. (unprefixed) to stretch

   Synonym: *regeti

2. (when prefixed) to bind

Inflection

Thematic present, suffixless preterite
Active voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*rigū	*rigemam	*ririxsū	*riroiga
2nd singular	*rigesi	*rigetās	*ririxsesi	*riroigas?
3rd singular	*rigeti	*rigeto	*ririxseti	*riroige
1st plural	*rigomosi	*rigemo	*ririxsomosi	*riroigmo
2nd plural	*rigetesi	*rigestē	*ririxsetesi	*riroixte
3rd plural	*rigonti	*rigento	*ririxsonti	*riroigars
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*rēxsū	?	—
2nd singular	*rēxsesi	?	*rige
3rd singular	*rēxseti	?	*rigetou
1st plural	*rēxsomosi	?	*rigomos
2nd plural	*rēxsetesi	?	*rigete
3rd plural	*rēxsonti	?	*rigontou
Passive voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*rigūr	—	*ririxsūr	*riroigra
2nd singular	*rigetar	—	*ririxsetar	*riroigras?
3rd singular	*rigetor	?	*ririxsetor	*riroigre
1st plural	*rigommor	—	*ririxsommor	?
2nd plural	*rigedwe	—	*ririxsedwe	?
3rd plural	*rigontor	?	*ririxsontor	?
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*rēxsūr	—	—
2nd singular	*rēxsetar	—	—
3rd singular	*rēxsetor	—	—
1st plural	*rēxsommor	—	—
2nd plural	*rēxsedwe	—	—
3rd plural	*rēxsontor	—	—

Declension of the past participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*rixtos	*rixtou	*rixtoi
vocative	*rixte	*rixtou	*rixtoi
accusative	*rixtom	*rixtou	*rixtoms
genitive	*rixtī	*rixtous	*rixtom
dative	*rixtūi	*rixtobom	*rixtobos
instrumental	*rixtū	*rixtobim	*rixtobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*rixtā	*rixtai	*rixtās
vocative	*rixtā	*rixtai	*rixtās
accusative	*rixtam	*rixtai	*rixtams
genitive	*rixtās	*rixtous	*rixtom
dative	*rixtai	*rixtābom	*rixtābos
instrumental	*?	*rixtābim	*rixtābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*rixtom	*rixtou	*rixtā
vocative	*rixtom	*rixtou	*rixtā
accusative	*rixtom	*rixtou	*rixtā
genitive	*rixtī	*rixtous	*rixtom
dative	*rixtūi	*rixtobom	*rixtobos
instrumental	*rixtū	*rixtobim	*rixtobis

Derived terms

• *ad-rigeti
• *uɸo-rigeti
• *dī-rigeti
  • Old Irish: do·rig
• *kom-rigeti
  • Old Irish: con·rig
    • Middle Irish: cuimrigid
      • Irish: cuibhrigh
      • Scottish Gaelic: cuibhrich
• *reix-sman
  • Proto-Brythonic: *rruɨmm
    • Old Welsh: ruimmein pl
      • Middle Welsh: rwym, ruym
        • Welsh: rhwym

Related terms

• *reigā
• *-reigom
• *ringeti (nasal-infix verb)
  • Old Irish: ringid (“to tear apart, maim”)

Descendants

• Old Irish: rigid
  • Middle Irish: rigid

Further reading

• Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2011–2024) “*rei̯g-”, in Addenda und Corrigenda zu LIV²‎^[1], page 65: “Zum Präsens auch mkymr. (+) gwe-ry ‘spielt’, mbret. ae-re- ‘binden’”