Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/marnati
Appearance
Proto-Celtic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥-né-h₂-ti, nasal infix present of *merh₂- (“to crumble, destroy”); if so, cognate with Ancient Greek μάρναμαι (márnamai, “to fight”) and possibly Sanskrit मृणाति (mṛṇāti, “to crumble”) and Old Norse merja (“to hit”),[1] though the latter two may have other etymologies.
Verb
[edit]*marnati
- to betray
Inflection
[edit]Seṭ-root athematic present with stem ablaut, t-preterite | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Active voice | ||||
Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
1st singular | *marnāmi | *marnamam | *mimrāsū | *miram |
2nd singular | *marnāsi | *marnatās | *mimrāsesi | *mirs |
3rd singular | *marnāti | *marnato | *mimrāseti | *mirt |
1st plural | *marnamosi | *marnamo | *mimrāsomosi | *mirme |
2nd plural | *marnatesi | *marnastē | *mimrāsetesi | *mirte |
3rd plural | *marnanti | *marnanto | *mimrāsonti | *mirant |
Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
1st singular | *merasū | ? | — | |
2nd singular | *merasesi | ? | *marnā | |
3rd singular | *meraseti | ? | *marnātou | |
1st plural | *merasomosi | ? | *marnamos | |
2nd plural | *merasetesi | ? | *marnate | |
3rd plural | *merasonti | ? | *marnantou | |
Passive voice | ||||
Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
1st singular | *marnār | — | *mimrāsūr | — |
2nd singular | *marnātar | — | *mimrāsetar | — |
3rd singular | *marnātor | ? | *mimrāsetor | — |
1st plural | *marnammor | — | *mimrāsommor | — |
2nd plural | *marnadwe | — | *mimrāsedwe | — |
3rd plural | *marnantor | ? | *mimrāsontor | — |
Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
1st singular | *merasūr | — | — | |
2nd singular | *merasetar | — | — | |
3rd singular | *merasetor | — | — | |
1st plural | *merasommor | — | — | |
2nd plural | *merasedwe | — | — | |
3rd plural | *merasontor | — | — |
Declension of the past participle | |||
---|---|---|---|
masculine | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *mratos | *mratou | *mratoi |
vocative | *mrate | *mratou | *mratoi |
accusative | *mratom | *mratou | *mratoms |
genitive | *mratī | *mratous | *mratom |
dative | *mratūi | *mratobom | *mratobos |
instrumental | *mratū | *mratobim | *mratobis |
feminine | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *mratā | *mratai | *mratās |
vocative | *mratā | *mratai | *mratās |
accusative | *mratam | *mratai | *mratams |
genitive | *mratās | *mratous | *mratom |
dative | *mratai | *mratābom | *mratābos |
instrumental | *? | *mratābim | *mratābis |
neuter | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *mratom | *mratou | *mratā |
vocative | *mratom | *mratou | *mratā |
accusative | *mratom | *mratou | *mratā |
genitive | *mratī | *mratous | *mratom |
dative | *mratūi | *mratobom | *mratobos |
instrumental | *mratū | *mratobim | *mratobis |
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 257