Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/buʀuk

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /buʀuk/

Adjective

*buʀuk

rotten
bad

Derived terms

*(ma-)buʀuk

Descendants

Formosan:
- Paiwan: vuk
- Saisiyat: bo꞉ok
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *buʀuk
- Proto-Philippine: *buʀuk
  - Batanic
    - Ibatan: voyok
  - Central Luzon
    - Kapampangan: bugúk
  - Greater Central Philippine
    - Central Philippine
      - Bikol Central: bugók
      - Cebuano: bugók
      - Tagalog: bugók
    - Manobo
      - Western Bukidnon Manobo: buruk
    - Gorontalo–Mongondow
      - Gorontalo: hulu'o
  - Sangiric
    - Sangir: wuhu'
  - Minahasan
    - Tontemboan: wuruk
- Greater Barito
  - Sama–Bajaw
    - West Coast Bajau: buhuk
  - East Barito
    - Malagasy: vozo
- North Borneo
  - Proto-North Sarawak:
    - Dayic
      - Kelabit: buruk
- Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
  - Batak
    - Dairi Batak: buruk
    - Karo Batak: buruk
    - Toba Batak: buruk
- Malayo-Sumbawan
  - Proto-Chamic: *bruʔ
    - Acehnese: brö'
    - Coastal Chamic
      - Haroi: prŭ
      - Cham: brŭk
        Eastern Cham: ꨝꨴꨭꩀ (bruk)
        Western Cham: prŭ
    - Highlands Chamic
      - Chru–Northern Chamic
        Chru: bru
        Northern Chamic
        Northern Roglai: brũ
        Tsat: zoʔ²⁴
      - Rade–Jarai
        Jarai: brŭ
        Rade: brŭ
  - Proto-Malayic: *buruk
    - Iban: burok
    - Malay: buruk
      - → Cebuano: bulok
      - → Tagalog: bulok
      - Indonesian: buruk
    - Minangkabau: buruak
    - Urak Lawoi': บูโระ (buroq)
  - Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa
    - Balinese: buhuk
  - Sundanese: buruk
- Old Javanese: wūk
- South Sulawesi
  - Buginese: buru'
  - Tae': buruk
- Central Malayo-Polynesian
  - Manggarai: buruk
  - Rembong: buruk
  - Sika: buruk

Proto-Austronesian

Pronunciation

Adjective

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading