Appendix:Greek script
This appendix explains characters written in the Greek script.
This article lists, for Standard Modern Greek, the 24 letters of the alphabet, the diacritical marks, punctuation marks and additional, rarely found, archaic letters some of which are still used today.
Alphabet
[edit]English | Greek | u/c | l/c | English | Greek | u/c | l/c | English | Greek | u/c | l/c | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | alpha | άλφα | Α | α | 9 | iota | γιώτα | Ι | ι | 17 | rho | ρο | Ρ | ρ | ||
2 | beta | βήτα | Β | β | 10 | kappa | κάππα | Κ | κ | 18 | sigma | σίγμα | Σ | σ | ||
3 | gamma | γάμα | Γ | γ | 11 | lambda | λάμδα | Λ | λ | 19 | tau | ταυ | Τ | τ | ||
4 | delta | δέλτα | Δ | δ | 12 | mu | μι | Μ | μ | 20 | upsilon | ύψιλον | Υ | υ | ||
5 | epsilon | έψιλον | Ε | ε | 13 | nu | νι | Ν | ν | 21 | phi | φι | Φ | φ | ||
6 | zeta | ζήτα | Ζ | ζ | 14 | xi | ξι | Ξ | ξ | 22 | chi | χι | Χ | χ | ||
7 | eta | ήτα | Η | η | 15 | omicron | όμικρον | Ο | ο | 23 | psi | ψι | Ψ | ψ | ||
8 | theta | θήτα | Θ | θ | 16 | pi | πι | Π | π | 24 | omega | ωμέγα | Ω | ω |
Diacritics
[edit]Since the introduction of the monotonic system of spelling in 1982 there have only been two diacritics in everyday writing: the accent ΄ (the τόνος) and the diaeresis ¨ (the διαλυτικά), occasionally these are combined ΅ as in καΐκι (kaḯki). In general, every word of more than one syllable will be stressed on one of the last three syllables, and this will be marked with an accent.
Greek has two other marks used when writing Greek numbers: the numeral sign ʹ (eg Δʹ = 4) and the lower numeral sign ͵ (eg ͵Δ = 4,000)
Variant letters
[edit]English | Greek | |
---|---|---|
turned iota | γιώτα | ℩ |
final sigma | σίγμα | ς† |
† Called σίγμα τελικό (sígma telikó, “final sigma”), this letter is only used as the final letter of a word.
Archaic letters
[edit]Letters which are no longer used in Modern Greek or have special uses.
English | Greek | u/c | l/c | notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
digamma | δίγαμμα | Ϝ | ϝ | the Greek number Ϝ΄ (= 6). |
pamphylian digamma | δίγαμμα | Ͷ | ͷ | |
stigma | στίγμα | Ϛ | ϛ | the Greek number Ϛ΄ (= 6). |
heta | ήτα | Ͱ | ͱ | |
yot | γιοτ | Ϳ | ϳ | |
san | σαν | Ϻ | ϻ | |
koppa | κόππα | Ϟ | ϟ | the Greek number Ϟ΄ (= 90). |
old koppa | κόππα | Ϙ | ϙ | the Greek number Ϙ΄ (= 90). |
sampi | σαμπί | Ϡ | ϡ | the Greek number Ϡ΄ (= 900). |
old sampi | σαμπί | Ͳ | ͳ | the Greek number Ͳ΄ (= 900). |
sho | σω | Ϸ | ϸ |
Unicode
[edit]Code16 | Code10 | Result | Description |
---|---|---|---|
U+0374 | Alt+884 | ʹ | Greek Numeral Sign |
U+0375 | Alt+885 | ͵ | Greek Lower Numeral Sign |
U+(0376-0379) | undefined | ||
U+037A | Alt+890 | ͺ | Greek Ypogegrammeni (iota subscript) |
U+037B | Alt+891 | ͻ | Greek Small Reversed Lunate Sigma Symbol |
U+037C | Alt+892 | ͼ | Greek Small Dotted Lunate Sigma Symbol |
U+037D | Alt+893 | ͽ | Greek Small Reversed Dotted Lunate Sigma Symbol |
U+037E | Alt+894 | ; | Greek Question Mark |
U+037F | Alt+895 | Ϳ | Greek Capital Letter Yot |
U+(0380-0383) | undefined | ||
U+0384 | Alt+900 | ΄ | Greek Tonos (acute accent) |
U+0385 | Alt+901 | ΅ | Greek Dialytika Tonos (diaeresis + accent) |
U+0386 | Alt+902 | Ά | Greek Capital Letter Alpha with Tonos |
U+0387 | Alt+903 | · | Greek Ano Teleia (Raised point) |
U+0388 | Alt+904 | Έ | Greek Capital Letter Epsilon with Tonos |
U+0389 | Alt+905 | Ή | Greek Capital Letter Eta with Tonos |
U+038A | Alt+906 | Ί | Greek Capital Letter Iota with Tonos |
U+038B | undefined | ||
U+038C | Alt+908 | Ό | Greek Capital Letter Omicron with Tonos |
U+038D | undefined | ||
U+038E | Alt+910 | Ύ | Greek Capital Letter Upsilon with Tonos |
U+038F | Alt+911 | Ώ | Greek Capital Letter Omega with Tonos |
U+0390 | Alt+912 | ΐ | Greek Small Letter Iota with Dialitika and Tonos |
U+0391 | Alt+913 | Α | Greek Capital Letter Alpha |
U+0392 | Alt+914 | Β | Greek Capital Letter Beta |
U+0393 | Alt+915 | Γ | Greek Capital Letter Gamma |
U+0394 | Alt+916 | Δ | Greek Capital Letter Delta |
U+0395 | Alt+917 | Ε | Greek Capital Letter Epsilon |
U+0396 | Alt+918 | Ζ | Greek Capital Letter Zeta |
U+0397 | Alt+919 | Η | Greek Capital Letter Eta |
U+0398 | Alt+920 | Θ | Greek Capital Letter Theta |
U+0399 | Alt+921 | Ι | Greek Capital Letter Iota |
U+039A | Alt+922 | Κ | Greek Capital Letter Kappa |
U+039B | Alt+923 | Λ | Greek Capital Letter Lambda |
U+039C | Alt+924 | Μ | Greek Capital Letter Mu |
U+039D | Alt+925 | Ν | Greek Capital Letter Nu |
U+039E | Alt+926 | Ξ | Greek Capital Letter Xi |
U+039F | Alt+927 | Ο | Greek Capital Letter Omicron |
U+03A0 | Alt+928 | Π | Greek Capital Letter Pi |
U+03A1 | Alt+929 | Ρ | Greek Capital Letter Rho |
U+03A2 | undefined | ||
U+03A3 | Alt+931 | Σ | Greek Capital Letter Sigma |
U+03A4 | Alt+932 | Τ | Greek Capital Letter Tau |
U+03A5 | Alt+933 | Υ | Greek Capital Letter Upsilon |
U+03A6 | Alt+934 | Φ | Greek Capital Letter Phi |
U+03A7 | Alt+935 | Χ | Greek Capital Letter Chi |
U+03A8 | Alt+936 | Ψ | Greek Capital Letter Psi |
U+03A9 | Alt+937 | Ω | Greek Capital Letter Omega |
U+03AA | Alt+937 | Ϊ | Greek Capital Letter Iota with Dialytika |
U+03AB | Alt+939 | Ϋ | Greek Capital Letter Upsilon with Dialitika |
U+03AC | Alt+940 | ά | Greek Small Letter Alpha with Tonos |
U+03AD | Alt+941 | έ | Greek Small Letter Epsilon with Tonos |
U+03AE | Alt+942 | ή | Greek Small Letter Eta with Tonos |
U+03AF | Alt+943 | ί | Greek Small Letter Iota with Tonos |
U+03B0 | Alt+944 | ΰ | Greek Small Letter Upsilon with Dialitika and Tonos |
U+03B1 | Alt+945 | α | Greek Small Letter Alpha |
U+03B2 | Alt+946 | β | Greek Small Letter Beta |
U+03B3 | Alt+947 | γ | Greek Small Letter Gamma |
U+03B4 | Alt+948 | δ | Greek Small Letter Delta |
U+03B5 | Alt+949 | ε | Greek Small Letter Epsilon |
U+03B6 | Alt+950 | ζ | Greek Small Letter Zeta |
U+03B7 | Alt+951 | η | Greek Small Letter Eta |
U+03B8 | Alt+952 | θ | Greek Small Letter Theta |
U+03B9 | Alt+953 | ι | Greek Small Letter Iota |
U+03BA | Alt+954 | κ | Greek Small Letter Kappa |
U+03BB | Alt+955 | λ | Greek Small Letter Lambda |
U+03BC | Alt+956 | μ | Greek Small Letter Mu |
U+03BD | Alt+957 | ν | Greek Small Letter Nu |
U+03BE | Alt+958 | ξ | Greek Small Letter Xi |
U+03BF | Alt+959 | ο | Greek Small Letter Omicron |
U+03C0 | Alt+960 | π | Greek Small Letter Pi |
U+03C1 | Alt+961 | ρ | Greek Small Letter Rho |
U+03C2 | Alt+962 | ς | Greek Small Letter Final Sigma |
U+03C3 | Alt+963 | σ | Greek Small Letter Sigma |
U+03C4 | Alt+964 | τ | Greek Small Letter Tau |
U+03C5 | Alt+965 | υ | Greek Small Letter Upsilon |
U+03C6 | Alt+966 | φ | Greek Small Letter Phi |
U+03C7 | Alt+967 | χ | Greek Small Letter Chi |
U+03C8 | Alt+968 | ψ | Greek Small Letter Psi |
U+03C9 | Alt+969 | ω | Greek Small Letter Omega |
U+03CA | Alt+970 | ϊ | Greek Small Letter Iota with Dialytika |
U+03CB | Alt+971 | ϋ | Greek Small Letter Upsilon with Dialytika |
U+03CC | Alt+972 | ό | Greek Small Letter Omicron with Tonos |
U+03CD | Alt+973 | ύ | Greek Small Letter Upsilon with Tonos |
U+03CE | Alt+974 | ώ | Greek Small Letter Omega with Tonos |
U+03CF | undefined | ||
U+03D2 | Alt+978 | ϒ | Greek Upsilon with hook Symbol |
U+03D3 | Alt+979 | ϓ | Greek Upsilon with acute and hook Symbol |
U+03D4 | Alt+980 | ϔ | Greek Upsilon with diaeresis and hook Symbol |
U+03D7 | Alt+983 | ϗ | Greek Kai Symbol (equiv to &) |
U+03D8 | Alt+984 | Ϙ | Greek Letter Archaic Koppa |
U+03D9 | Alt+985 | ϙ | Greek Small Letter Archaic Koppa |
U+03DA | Alt+986 | Ϛ | Greek Letter Stigma |
U+03DB | Alt+987 | ϛ | Greek Small Letter Stigma |
U+03DC | Alt+988 | Ϝ | Greek Letter Digamma |
U+03DD | Alt+989 | ϝ | Greek Small Letter Digamma |
U+03DE | Alt+990 | Ϟ | Greek Letter Koppa |
U+03DF | Alt+991 | ϟ | Greek Small Letter Koppa |
U+03E0 | Alt+992 | Ϡ | Greek Letter Sampi |
U+03E1 | Alt+993 | ϡ | Greek Small Letter Sampi |
U+(03E2-03EF) | are Coptic letters | ||
U+03F2 | Alt+1010 | ϲ | Greek Lunate Sigma Symbol |
U+03F3 | Alt+1011 | ϳ | Greek Letter Yot |
U+03F4 | Alt+1012 | ϴ | Greek Capital Theta Symbol |
U+03F5 | Alt+1013 | ϵ | Greek Lunate Epsilon Symbol |
U+03F6 | Alt+1014 | ϶ | Greek Reversed Lunate Epsilon Symbol |
U+03F7 | Alt+1015 | Ϸ | Greek Capital Letter Sho |
U+03F8 | Alt+1016 | ϸ | Greek Small Letter Sho |
U+03F9 | Alt+1017 | Ϲ | Greek Capital Lunate Sigma Symbol |
U+03FA | Alt+1018 | Ϻ | Greek Capital Letter San |
U+03FB | Alt+1019 | ϻ | Greek Small Letter San |
U+03FC | Alt+1020 | ϼ | Greek Rho with stroke Symbol |
U+03FD | Alt+1021 | Ͻ | Greek Capital Reversed Lunate Sigma Symbol |
U+03FE | Alt+1022 | Ͼ | Greek Capital Dotted Lunate Sigma Symbol |
U+03FF | Alt+1023 | Ͽ | Greek Capital Reversed Dotted Lunate Sigma Symbol |
U+2129 | Alt+8489 | ℩ | Turned Greek Small Letter Iota |