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𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Old Uyghur

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Alternative forms

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Etymology 1

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Nominalized and simplified form of 𐽰𐽶𐾁 (ʾyl /⁠él⁠/, realm) +‎ 𐾁𐽶𐽷 (lyk /⁠-lig⁠/), from Proto-Turkic *ẹ̄l (realm).[1] Cognate with Volga Bulgar يَال (yêl, tribe), Chuvash ял (jal, people, society), Orkhon Turkic 𐰃𐰠 (il², realm), Turkish il (province), elçi (ambassador), Yakut ил (il, state) and Mongolian ᠢᠯ (il, country).

Unrelated to 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐾀𐽱𐽾 (ʾyltβr /⁠élteber⁠/, a title for kings and rulers), which is ultimately from Sogdian 𐼹𐼰𐽂𐼱𐽀 (δʾtβr), Bactrian υιλιτοβηρο (uilitobēro) and Middle Persian lytβyyr. Compare Orkhon Turkic 𐰃𐰠𐱅𐰋𐰼 (il²t²b²r² /⁠Élteber⁠/) and Bulgar يلطوار (/⁠Yeltewêr⁠/), borrowed from the same Indo-Iranian source.

Noun

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𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 (ʾylyk /élig, élég/)

  1. (politics) king, ruler, a Terken of the Uyghur Khaganate
    Synonym: 𐽲𐽰𐽺 (qʾn /⁠han⁠/)
Declension
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Declension of 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷
singular definite plural
nominative 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 (ʾylyk) 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ʾylyklʾr)
genitive 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾylyknynk) 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾylyklʾrnynk)
dative 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽷𐽰 (ʾylykkʾ) 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (ʾylyklʾrkʾ)
accusative 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽲 (ʾylykyq)
𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽺𐽶 (ʾylykny)
𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (ʾylyklʾryq)
𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ʾylyklʾrny)
locative 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾀𐽰 (ʾylyktʾ) 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (ʾylyklʾrtʾ)
ablative 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾylyktyn) 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾylyklʾrtyn)
instrumental 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽺 (ʾylykyn) 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ʾylyklʾryn)
equative 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽽𐽰 (ʾylykcʾ)
directive 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ʾylykkʾrw)
similative 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ʾylyklʾyw)
Compound Terms
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Descendants
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  • Western Yugur: eltʂi (eʰlçi, shaman)

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Turkic *elig ~ *ẹlig (hand). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰠𐰏 (elig), Chuvash алӑ (ală), Turkish el and Yakut илии (ilii).

Both the 'open-e' (é) (𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 (ʾylyk)) and 'close-e' (e/ä) (𐽰𐾁𐽶𐽷 (ʾlyk)) variants can be seen attested, with élig being more common. Compare the similar developments in the Eastern Turkic branches, with Southern Altai ӧлӱ (ölü, finger), Shor инге (hand) and Yakut илии (ilii, hand), suggesting an areal shift perhaps to distinguish 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 (ʾylyk /⁠élig⁠/, hand, handsbreadth (unit of measure)) from 𐽰𐾁𐽶𐽷 (ʾlyk /⁠elig⁠/, fifty).

Noun

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𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 (ʾylyk /élig/)

  1. hand
    Synonym: 𐽲𐽳𐾁 (qwl /⁠kol⁠/)
  2. foreleg (of animals)
  3. handsbreadth, span of a hand, an unit of measure equal to a breadth of a hand
Declension
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Declension of 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷
singular definite plural
nominative 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 (ʾylyk) 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ʾylyklʾr)
genitive 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾylyknynk) 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾylyklʾrnynk)
dative 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽷𐽰 (ʾylykkʾ) 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (ʾylyklʾrkʾ)
accusative 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽲 (ʾylykyq)
𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽺𐽶 (ʾylykny)
𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (ʾylyklʾryq)
𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ʾylyklʾrny)
locative 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾀𐽰 (ʾylyktʾ) 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (ʾylyklʾrtʾ)
ablative 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾylyktyn) 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾylyklʾrtyn)
instrumental 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽺 (ʾylykyn) 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ʾylyklʾryn)
equative 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽽𐽰 (ʾylykcʾ)
directive 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ʾylykkʾrw)
similative 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ʾylyklʾyw)
Compound terms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Western Yugur: ələɣ (ïlïɣ, hand, a unit of measure, chopsticks, method, craftsmanship)
    • Western Yugur: ələk (ïlïk, hand, finger)

References

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  1. ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “éllig”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 141-142
  • Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “ilig, ilik”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 92
  • Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1), (2) elig”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 255