𐽰𐽰𐾀

Old Uyghur

Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *āt (“name”). Cognate with Chuvash ят (jat), Old Turkic 𐰀𐱃 (āt, “name”), Karakhanid ااتْ (āt, “name”), Yakut аат (aat, “name, fame”) and Turkish ad (“name”).

Noun

𐽰𐽰𐾀 (at)

1. name, epithet
   • 11th century, Biography of Xuanzang, book 3‎^[1], HTIII: 0501 (26) - HTIII: 0502 (27):

     𐽷𐽳𐽶𐾁 𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶 𐾈 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐾁 𐽸𐽰𐽷𐽶 𐾁𐽳𐽳 𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽶 𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷
     𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽶 𐽺𐽰𐾁𐽺 𐾀𐽰 𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶 𐾉

     […] köl erdi, köldeki luu hanïnïŋ
     atï Nalanta erdi.

     […] was a sea, and the Dragon-king of the sea
     was named Nālandā^?.

2. fame, reputation, renown
   1. notoriety
   2. luck, good omen
3. (military, sociology) rank, title
4. (philosophy) concept
5. (grammar) word, noun
6. (literature) title (of a book)

   𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽲𐾄𐽰𐽼𐽰𐽲𐽳 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽶𐽲 𐽼𐽶𐾀𐽶𐽲

   At kapagu atlïg bitig.

   The book titled: "On how to get horses in a corral"

7. (rare) memory
   1. appearance, physical quality

Declension

Declension of 𐽰𐽰𐾀

	singular	definite plural
nominative	𐽰𐽰𐾀 (ʾʾt)	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ʾʾtlʾr)
genitive	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾʾtnynk)	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾʾtlʾrnynk)
dative	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽷𐽰 (ʾʾtkʾ)	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (ʾʾtlʾrkʾ)
accusative	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽶𐽲 (ʾʾtyq) 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽺𐽶 (ʾʾtny)	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (ʾʾtlʾryq) 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ʾʾtlʾrny)
locative	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾀𐽰 (ʾʾttʾ)	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (ʾʾtlʾrtʾ)
ablative	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾttyn)	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾtlʾrtyn)
instrumental	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾtyn)	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾtlʾryn)
equative	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽽𐽰 (ʾʾtčʾ)
directive	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ʾʾtkʾrw)
similative	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ʾʾtlʾyw)

Compound terms

• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽷 (at urmak, “to give a name, to label, to acclaim”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽳 (at küü, “fame, good reputation”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽷 (at körk, “appearance, form of existence”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽹𐽰𐽺𐽷𐽰𐾁 (at maŋal, “prosperity, felicity”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽹𐽰𐽺𐽷𐽰𐾁 𐽰𐽸𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽳𐽲 (at maŋal etözlüg, “the prosperous, felicitous one, an epithet of Buddha”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽼𐽰𐽲 (at bag, “full name, legal name”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽼𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽺𐽽 (at bulunč, “fame and riches”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽶 𐽰𐽶𐽿𐾀𐽶𐾁𐽹𐽶𐽿 (atï éštilmiš, “famous, one whose name is heard”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽶 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐾀𐽾𐽳𐾁𐽹𐽶𐽿 (atï kötrülmiš, “one whose name is praised, an epithet of Buddha”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽶𐽷𐽹𐽰𐽷 (atïn atïkmak, “to be called, to be ordered to come forth”)

Derived terms

• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽰𐽸𐽳𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽷 (atadurmak, “to shout the name of someone”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽰𐾁𐽹𐽰𐽷 (atalmak, “to be given a name or a honorific”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (atamak, “name-giving, calling”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (atamak, “to appoint”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽺𐽹𐽰𐽷 (atanmak, “to be appointed”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽶𐽷𐽹𐽰𐽷 (atïkmak, “to be praised”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽶𐽲 (atlïg, “named..., known as...”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽻𐽶𐽴 (atsïz, “nameless, innominate”)
  • ⇒ 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽻𐽶𐽴 𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽷 (atsïz erŋek, “ring finger”)

Descendants

• Western Yugur: at (at)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Turkic *at (“horse”). Cognate with Karakhanid اَتْ (at, “horse”), Old Turkic 𐱃 (at, “horse”), Turkish at (“horse”).

Noun

𐽰𐽰𐾀 (at)

1. horse
   • 11th century, Viśvantara-Jātaka (BT13.03)‎^[2], BT13.03.01.v15 (31) - BT13.03.01.v16 (32)‎^[3]:

     𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐾁𐽰𐽾 ^?𐽶 𐽰𐽰𐽻𐽳 𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽷𐾁𐽶𐽺𐽷 𐽺𐾂𐽶 𐾈
     𐽰𐽰𐽾 𐽰 𐾀𐽰 𐽼𐽳𐽻𐾅 𐽼𐽶^?𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽷𐽶𐾁 𐾉

     Atlarïŋnï^? azu kaŋlïŋnï,
     arata pušï bérmegil.

     Do not give [your] horses or cart
     as donations on holidays!

2. (astrology) a year of the horse, seventh year in the twelve-year solar cycle

   𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽶𐽶𐾁𐽶

   At yïlï

   The year of the horse

Declension

Declension of 𐽰𐽰𐾀

	singular	definite plural
nominative	𐽰𐽰𐾀 (ʾʾt)	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ʾʾtlʾr)
genitive	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾʾtnynk)	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾʾtlʾrnynk)
dative	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽷𐽰 (ʾʾtkʾ)	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (ʾʾtlʾrkʾ)
accusative	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽶𐽲 (ʾʾtyq) 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽺𐽶 (ʾʾtny)	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (ʾʾtlʾryq) 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ʾʾtlʾrny)
locative	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾀𐽰 (ʾʾttʾ)	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (ʾʾtlʾrtʾ)
ablative	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾttyn)	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾtlʾrtyn)
instrumental	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾtyn)	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ʾʾtlʾryn)
equative	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽽𐽰 (ʾʾtčʾ)
directive	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ʾʾtkʾrw)
similative	𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ʾʾtlʾyw)

Compound terms

• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽰𐽰𐽸𐽲𐽶𐽾 (at adgïr, “mount animals, saddle horses; mare and stallion”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽰 𐽶𐽰𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽺𐽹𐽰𐽷 (at üze yarmanmak, “to mount a horse”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽰 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (at üze tünemek, “to spend the night on horseback”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽻𐾀𐽳𐽺𐽶 (at üstüni, “back of the horse, shagreen”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽲 (at ulag, “a horse in a postal chain”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶 (at éli, “a herd of horses”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽶𐽰𐽱𐽰𐾁𐽸𐽳𐽾𐾀𐽰𐽽𐽶 (at yavaldurtačï, “horse breeder and raiser”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽶𐽳𐽺𐾀𐽰𐽷𐽶 (at yuntakï, “horse manure”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐾁𐽳𐽷 (at kölök, “mount animals, saddle horses; mare and saddle horse”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽷𐽰 𐽶𐽳𐽶𐽸𐽳𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽷 (atka yüdürmek, “to load bearings on a horse”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽸𐽶𐽺 𐽲𐽳𐽸𐽶 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽿𐽹𐽰𐽷 (atdïn kudï tüšmek, “to dismount a horse”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾀𐽶𐽺 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽿𐽹𐽰𐽷 (attïn tüšmek, “to fall off a horse”)

Derived terms

• >? 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽰𐽺 (atan, “castrated camel”)
• >? 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽰𐽶 (atay, “an endearing term for small children, a unisex honorific title showing endearment”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (atlamak, “to mount a horse”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽺𐽹𐽰𐽷 (atlanmak, “to mount a horse”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽺𐾀𐽳𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽷 (atlanturmak, “to mount a son or daughter on a horse for the first time”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽶𐽲 (atlïg, “on horseback; cavalry”)
• 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐾁𐽶𐽷 (atlïk, “horse stable”)

Descendants

• Western Yugur: at (aʰt)

References

• Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “at”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 24
• Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1)at”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, pages 78-79
• Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(2)at ~ (a)t”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 79