Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/at

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/āt and Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/at-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative reconstructions

*hat

Noun

*at

horse

Declension

Declension of *at
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*at
accusative	atïg, atnï¹⁾
genitive	*atnïŋ
dative	*atka
locative	*atda
ablative	*atdan
allative	*atgaru
instrumental ²⁾	*atïn
equative ²⁾	*atča
similative ²⁾	*atlayu
comitative ²⁾	*atlïgu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: ут (ut)
Common Turkic: *at
- Arghu:
  - Khalaj: hat
- Proto-Oghuz: *at
  - Old Anatolian Turkish: آت (at)
    - Azerbaijani: at
    - Ottoman Turkish: آت (at)
      Gagauz: at
      
      Turkish: at
  - Salar: at
  - Turkmen: at
- Karluk:
  - Karakhanid: اَتْ (at)
    - Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (at)
      Chagatai: ات (at)
      Uzbek: ot
      
      Uyghur: ئات (at)
- Kipchak:
  - Kipchak: ات (at)
    - North Kipchak:
      Bashkir: ат (at)
      
      Tatar: ат (at)
    - West Kipchak:
      Crimean Tatar: at
      
      Kumyk: ат (at)
    - South Kipchak:
      Karakalpak: at
      
      Kazakh: ат (at)
      
      Nogai: ат (at)
    - East Kipchak:
      Kyrgyz: ат (at)
      
      Southern Altai: ат (at)
- Siberian Turkic:
  - Old Turkic: 𐱃 (t¹ /⁠at⁠/)
  - Old Kirghiz: 𐱄 (t¹ /⁠at⁠/)
  - Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽰𐾀 (at)
    - Western Yugur: at
    - North Siberian Turkic:
      Dolgan: ат (at)
      
      Yakut: ат (at)
    - South Siberian Turkic:
      Shor: ат (at)
      
      Khakas: ат (at)
      
      Tofa: аът (aʺt)
      
      Tuvan: аът (àt)

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “2 at”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 33
Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ăt”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill