𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, derived from the oblique stem of *sóh₂wl̥, and cognate to Crimean Gothic sune and Old English sunne. The Indo-European lemma also yielded 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌹𐌻 (sauil), as well as Koine Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), which both of the Gothic terms translate.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsun.noː/

Proper noun

𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉 • (sunnō) f

1. the Sun (star)

   Synonym: 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌹𐌻 n (sauil)

   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Book of Nehemiah (Codex Ambrosianus D) 7.3:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌹𐌼: 𐌽𐌹 𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍉𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌼𐍃, 𐌿𐌽𐌳 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉 . . . .

     jah qaþ im: ni uslukaindau daurōns iairusalēms, und þatei urrinnai sunnō . . . .

     And I said unto them, Let not the gates of Jerusalem be opened until the sun be hot; […] (KJV).

   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Matthew (Codex Argenteus) 5.45:

     𐌴𐌹 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌾𐌿𐍃 𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃 𐌸𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼, 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉𐌽 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃.

     ei wairþaiþ sunjus attins izwaris þis in himinam, untē sunnōn seina urraneiþ ana ubilans jah gōdans, jah rigneiþ ana garaihtans.

     That ye may be the children of your Father which is in heaven: for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust. (KJV).

   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Epistle to the Ephesians (Codex Ambrosianus A) 4.26:

     𐌸𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌸~𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌽𐌹 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸, 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉 𐌽𐌹 𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌹 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌸𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐌴𐌹𐌽 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌰.

     þwairhaiþ~þan sijaiþ jah ni frawaurkjaiþ, sunnō ni dissigqai ana þwairhein izwara.

     Be ye angry, and sin not: let not the sun go down upon your wrath: (KJV).

Usage notes

This word for "Sun" is used in Nehemiah, Matthew, Luke and Ephesians; only in Mark is the apparent synonym 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌹𐌻 n (sauil) used (alongside a variant neuter dative form 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌹𐌽 (sunnin)).

Declension

It is unclear how the neuter dative form 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌹𐌽 (sunnin) relates to this word; see 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌹𐌻 (sauil) for details.

Feminine ōn-stem
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉 sunnō	—
Vocative	𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉 sunnō	—
Accusative	𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉𐌽 sunnōn	—
Genitive	𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉𐌽𐍃 sunnōns	—
Dative	𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉𐌽 sunnōn	—

Coordinate terms

• 𐌰𐌿𐌶𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌻 (auzandil, “the morning star”)
• 𐌼𐌴𐌽𐌰 (mēna, “the Moon”)
• 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐍉 (stairnō, “star”)

See also

• 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (urrinnan, “come forth, rise”)
• 𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌽 (sigqan, “sink, set”)
• 𐍄𐌿𐌲𐌲𐌻 (tuggl)

Further reading

• Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986) “S164. sunno”, in A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the 3rd ed. of Feist’s dictionary, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 330
• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 132