防人

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
防	人
さきもり
Grade: 5	Grade: 1
jukujikun

From Old Japanese.

Compound of 崎 (saki, “cape, (small) peninsula”) +‎ 守り (mori, the 連用形 (ren’yōkei, “stem or continuative”) form of 守る (moru), “to stand watch, be on the lookout”).^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

The kanji spelling is from bōjin below.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) さきもり [sàkíꜜmòrì] (Nakadaka – [2])^[5]
IPA^(key): [sa̠kʲimo̞ɾʲi]

Noun

防人(さきもり) • (sakimori)

(historical) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, soldiers who were dispatched to key locations in northern Kyushu, Iki province, and Tsushima island to prevent invasion of the Japanese mainland

Derived terms

防人(さきもりの)歌(うた) (sakimori no uta)
防人(さきもりの)司(つかさ) (sakimori no tsukasa)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
防	人
ぼう Grade: 5	じん Grade: 1
goon	kan'on

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Derived from Middle Chinese or orthographic borrowing?”

Noun

防(ぼう)人(じん) • (bōjin) ^{←ばうじん (bauzin)^?}

(historical) a soldier who guarded the frontiers in Tang-dynasty China
(historical) Synonym of 防人 (sakimori): under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, soldiers who were dispatched to the coasts of Kyushu in order to prevent invasion of the Japanese mainland

References

^ “防人”, in 改訂新版世界大百科事典 (Kaitei Shinpan Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Revised Edition”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 2007, →ISBN
^ “防人”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[2] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
^ “防人”, in ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典 (Buritanika Kokusai Dai Hyakka Jiten: Shō Kōmoku Jiten, “Encyclopædia Britannica International: Micropædia”)‎^[3] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Britannica Japan Co., Ltd., 2014
^ “防人”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎^[4] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Old Japanese

Etymology 1

Compound of 崎 (saki₁, “cape, (small) peninsula”) +‎ 守り (mo₍₂₎ri, the 連用形 (ren’yōkei, “stem or continuative”) form of 守る (mo₍₂₎ru), “to stand watch, be on the lookout”).

Noun

防人 (saki₁mori) (kana さきもり)

under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, soldiers who were dispatched to key locations in northern Kyushu, Iki province, and Tsushima island to prevent invasion of the Japanese mainland

Derived terms

新防人 (nipi₁saki₁mori)

Descendants

Japanese: 防人 (sakimori)

Etymology 2

By surface analysis, 崎 (saki₁, “cape, (small) peninsula”) +‎ 守り (muri, the 連用形 (ren’yōkei, “stem or continuative”) form of 守る (muru), “to stand watch, be on the lookout”, eastern dialect).

Noun

防人 (saki₁muri) (kana さきむり)

(regional, Central Eastern Old Japanese) Same as サキ^甲モリ (saki₁mori) above
- c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 20, poem 4364:
  
  佐伎牟理爾多多牟佐和伎爾伊敞能伊牟何奈流弊伎己等乎伊波須伎奴可母
  saki₁muri ni tatamu sawaki₁ ni ipe₁ no₂ imu ga naru be₁ki₁ ko₂to₂ wo ipazu-ki₁nu ka mo
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

[1] “防人”, in 改訂新版世界大百科事典 (Kaitei Shinpan Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Revised Edition”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 2007, →ISBN

[2] “防人”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[2] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

[3] “防人”, in ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典 (Buritanika Kokusai Dai Hyakka Jiten: Shō Kōmoku Jiten, “Encyclopædia Britannica International: Micropædia”)‎^[3] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Britannica Japan Co., Ltd., 2014

[4] “防人”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎^[4] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months

[DJR-5] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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