近代

Chinese

		near; close (to); approximately	substitute; replace; generation substitute; replace; generation; dynasty; geological era; era; age; period
trad. (近代)		近	代
simp. #(近代)		近	代

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jìndài

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gan⁶ doi⁶

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kiun-thoi

  (Hailu, HRS): kiun^˖ toi^˖

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kūn-tāi / kǔn-tāi / kīn-tāi

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jìndài
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jìndài
    • Wade–Giles: chin⁴-tai⁴
    • Yale: jìn-dài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinnday
    • Palladius: цзиньдай (czinʹdaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 晉代 / 晋代 近代

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gan⁶ doi⁶
    • Yale: gahn doih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gan⁶ doi⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: gen⁶ doi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐn²² tɔːi̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiun-thoi
    • Hakka Romanization System: giun toi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: giun⁴ toi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯un⁵⁵ tʰoi̯⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: kiun^˖ toi^˖
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰiun³³ tʰoi³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kūn-tāi
    • Tâi-lô: kūn-tāi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kuxndai
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kun²²⁻²¹ tai²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kun³³⁻¹¹ tai³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kǔn-tāi
    • Tâi-lô: kǔn-tāi
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kun²² tai⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kīn-tāi
    • Tâi-lô: kīn-tāi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kixndai
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kin³³⁻²¹ tai³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kin²²⁻²¹ tai²²/

Noun

近代

1. near-modern times; recent era

   近代個人主義／近代个人主义  ―  jìndài gerénzhǔyì  ―  modern individualism

   此說是否為歷史事實，近代頗有爭議。 [MSC, trad.]
   此说是否为历史事实，近代颇有争议。 [MSC, simp.]

   Cǐ shuō shìfǒu wéi lìshǐ shìshí, jìndài pōyǒu zhēngyì. [Pinyin]

   Whether this theory is historical fact has been a source of considerable contention in recent times.

Usage notes

In China, this time period is defined as:

• Between the First Opium War (1840) and the May Fourth Movement (1919) in Chinese history, and
• Between the English Civil War (mid-17^th century) and the October Revolution in Russia (1917) in world history.

Synonyms

• 近世 (jìnshì)

Derived terms

• 近代史 (jìndàishǐ)
• 近現代 / 近现代 (jìnxiàndài)

 

Related terms

• 當代／当代 (dāngdài)
• 現代／现代 (xiàndài)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (近代):

• → Japanese: 近代(きんだい) (kindai)
• → Korean: 근대(近代) (geundae)
• → Vietnamese: cận đại (近代)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
近	代
きん Grade: 2	だい Grade: 3
kan'on	goon

Etymology

近 (“near”) +‎ 代 (“age; period”)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) きんだい [kíꜜǹdàì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [kʲĩnda̠i]

Noun

近(きん)代(だい) • (kindai) 

1. modern times, variously described as encompassing the Renaissance, the Age of Discovery, the Reformation and the rise of modern capitalism; or from the Meiji Restoration to the end of the Pacific War, which is then followed by 現代 (gendai)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 近(きん)代(だい)化(か) (kindaika, “modernization”)

See also

• 近(きん)世(せい) (kinsei)
• 古(こ)代(だい) (kodai)

Korean

Hanja in this term
近	代

Noun

近代 • (geundae) (hangeul 근대)

1. hanja form^? of 근대 (“late modern period”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
近	代

Noun

近代

1. chữ Hán form of cận đại (“pre-modern”).