衚衕
Appearance
Chinese
[edit]phonetic | |||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (衚衕/胡同) | 衚/胡 | 衕/同 | |
simp. (胡同) | 胡 | 同 |
Etymology
[edit]First attested in Yuan Dynasty.
Probably a compound from 衕 (tòng, “street, passage”), a native word attested in Shuowen Jiezi,[1] or from Middle Chinese 巷 (MC haewngH).[2]
Alternatively, a loan word from Middle Mongol ᠬᠤᠳᠳᠤᠭ (quddug, “water well”) (compare Mongolian худаг (xudag)), indicating that people lived where wells could be dug.
Another theory postulates that this is borrowed from Middle Mongol ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮ (ɣudum, “corridor, passage, passageway”) (compare Mongolian гудам (gudam)).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ㄊㄨㄥˋ → ㄏㄨˊ ˙ㄊㄨㄥ (toneless final syllable variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: húto̊ng
- Wade–Giles: hu2-tʻung5
- Yale: hú-tung
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwu.tonq
- Palladius: хутун (xutun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu³⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵¹/ → /xu³⁵ tʰʊŋ³/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (衚衕兒 / 胡同儿)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ㄊㄨㄥˋㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hútòngr
- Wade–Giles: hu2-tʻung4-ʼrh
- Yale: hú-tùngr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwutonql
- Palladius: хутунр (xutunr)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu³⁵ tʰʊ̃ɻ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: wu4 tung4
- Yale: wùh tùhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: wu4 tung4
- Guangdong Romanization: wu4 tung4
- Sinological IPA (key): /wuː²¹ tʰʊŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Noun
[edit]衚衕
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 衚衕 (“alley; lane”) [map]
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Others:
References
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
衚 | 衕 |
Noun
[edit]衚衕
Categories:
- Chinese terms borrowed from Middle Mongol
- Chinese terms derived from Middle Mongol
- Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
- Mandarin words containing toneless variants
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 衚
- Chinese terms spelled with 衕
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Intermediate Mandarin
- Chinese disyllabic morphemes
- zh:Roads
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- Vietnamese nouns in Han script
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán