虛造

Chinese

		devoid of content; void; false devoid of content; void; false; empty; vain	to make; to build; to invent to make; to build; to invent; to manufacture
trad. (虛造)		虛	造
simp. (虚造)		虚	造

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xūzào

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩ ㄗㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): heoi¹ zou⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xūzào
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩ ㄗㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syuzào
    • Wade–Giles: hsü¹-tsao⁴
    • Yale: syū-dzàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiutzaw
    • Palladius: сюйцзао (sjujczao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy⁵⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: heoi¹ zou⁶
    • Yale: hēui jouh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hoey¹ dzou⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: hêu¹ zou⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɵy̯⁵⁵ t͡sou̯²²/

Verb

虛造

1. to fabricate; to cook up

   • 這些特點是事實上存在的，不是虛造騙人的；是戰爭的全部基本要素，不是殘缺不全的片段；是貫徹於雙方一切大小問題和一切作戰階段之中的，不是可有可無的。 [MSC, trad.]
     这些特点是事实上存在的，不是虚造骗人的；是战争的全部基本要素，不是残缺不全的片段；是贯彻于双方一切大小问题和一切作战阶段之中的，不是可有可无的。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1938, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《論持久戰》 (On Protracted War), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition

     Zhèxiē tèdiǎn shì shìshíshàng cúnzài de, bù shì xūzào piànrén de; shì zhànzhēng de quánbù jīběn yàosù, bù shì cánquēbùquán de piànduàn; shì guànchè yú shuāngfāng yīqiè dàxiǎo wèntí hé yīqiè zuòzhàn jiēduàn zhīzhōng de, bù shì kěyǒukěwú de. [Pinyin]

     These characteristics exist objectively and are not invented to deceive people; they constitute all the basic elements of the war, and are not incomplete fragments; they permeate all major and minor problems on both sides and all stages of the war, and they are not matters of no consequence.

Derived terms

• 向壁虛造／向壁虚造 (xiàngbìxūzào)
• 鄉壁虛造／乡壁虚造 (xiàngbìxūzào)