芬芳

Chinese

		fragrant	fragrant
trad. (芬芳)		芬	芳
simp. #(芬芳)		芬	芳

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fēnfāng

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄣ ㄈㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fan¹ fong¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fûn-fông
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hun-hong

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hung¹ huang¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fēnfāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄣ ㄈㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fenfang
    • Wade–Giles: fên¹-fang¹
    • Yale: fēn-fāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenfang
    • Palladius: фэньфан (fɛnʹfan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fən⁵⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: fan¹ fong¹
    • Yale: fān fōng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fan¹ fong¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: fen¹ fong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐn⁵⁵ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fûn-fông
    • Hakka Romanization System: fun^ˊ fong^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fun¹ fong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /fun²⁴⁻¹¹ foŋ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hun-hong
    • Tâi-lô: hun-hong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hunhofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hun⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hun³³ hɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hung¹ huang¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hung huang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huŋ³³⁻²³ huaŋ³³/

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• Middle Chinese: phjun phjang

Rime
Character	芬	芳
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	文 (59)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	撫文切	敷方切
Baxter	phjun	phjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰɨun/	/pʰʉɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰiun/	/pʰʷiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰiuən/	/pʰiuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰun/	/pʰuaŋ/
Li Rong	/pʰiuən/	/pʰiuaŋ/
Wang Li	/pʰĭuən/	/pʰĭwaŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pʰi̯uən/	/pʰiwaŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fēn	fāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fan1	fong1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰɯn  pʰaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	芳
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fāng
Middle Chinese	‹ phjang ›
Old Chinese	/*[pʰ]aŋ/
English	fragrant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	芬	芳
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	3154	3041
Phonetic component	分	方
Rime group	文	陽
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	芬	芳
Old Chinese	/*pʰɯn/	/*pʰaŋ/
Notes	撫原誤府依元泰定本校改

Adjective

芬芳

1. fragrant; aromatic; perfumed; sweet-smelling

   • 橘柚芬芳。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]

     From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE

     Jú yòu fēnfāng. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 芬芳美麗滿枝椏 [MSC, trad.]
     芬芳美丽满枝桠 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 《茉莉花》 (Mo Li Hua)

     fēnfāng měilì mǎn zhīyā [Pinyin]

     fragrant and beautiful, with many branches

2. (figurative) pleasant; noble; distinguished; righteous; graceful; elegant

Synonyms

• (fragrant): 芳香 (fāngxiāng)

Derived terms

• 芬芳馥郁