磡

磡 U+78E1, 磡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-78E1 ← 磠 [U+78E0] CJK Unified Ideographs 磢 → [U+78E2]

Translingual

Han character

磡 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+11, 16 strokes, cangjie input 一口廿女尸 (MRTVS), four-corner 1462₇, composition ⿰石勘)

1. cliff, ledge, bank
2. step

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 835, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24436
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2451, character 3
• Unihan data for U+78E1

Chinese

trad.		磡
simp. #		磡
alternative forms		碪／砧

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
湛	*ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um
媅	*ʔl'uːm
黮	*l̥ʰuːmʔ, *l'uːmʔ
糂	*sluːmʔ
堪	*kʰluːm
戡	*kʰluːm, *ʔl'umʔ
嵁	*kʰluːm, *ŋɡluːm, *ŋɡluːmʔ, *sɡruːmʔ, *kʰruːm
歁	*kʰluːmʔ, *kʰluːb
勘	*kʰluːms
磡	*kʰuːms
墈	*kʰuːms
偡	*r'uːmʔ
碪	*ʔl'um
椹	*ʔl'um
揕	*ʔl'ums
踸	*l̥ʰumʔ
鍖	*l̥ʰumʔ
斟	*kljum
諶	*ɡljum
愖	*ɡljum
瘎	*ɡljum
煁	*ɡljum
甚	*ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums
葚	*ɦljumʔ

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ka(ː)m (“lip; mouth; edge; bank”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007), whence Burmese ကမ်း (kam:, “bank of a river”), Mizo khâm (“precipice”). Cognate with 坎 (kǎn, “bank; ridge”), 嶔 (OC *kʰrɯm, “precipitous”) (Schuessler, 2007). See also 𠪚 (“precipitous; bank along fields”), 嵁 (OC *kʰluːm, *ŋɡluːm, *ŋɡluːmʔ, *sɡruːmʔ, *kʰruːm, “cliff, bank, step”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kàn (kan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ham³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khàm

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kàn
    • Wade–Giles: kʻan⁴
    • Yale: kàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kann
    • Palladius: кань (kanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ham³
    • Yale: ham
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ham³
    • Guangdong Romanization: hem³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐm³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khàm
    • Tâi-lô: khàm
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qaxm
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰam²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰam⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰam²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰam¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰam²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: khomH

Rime
Character	磡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	苦紺切
Baxter	khomH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰʌmH/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰəmH/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɒmH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəmH/
Li Rong	/kʰᴀmH/
Wang Li	/kʰɒmH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰămH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ham3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰuːms/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	磡
Reading #	1/1
No.	11276
Phonetic component	甚
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	勘
Old Chinese	/*kʰuːms/
Notes	嵁分化字

Definitions

磡 (chiefly in toponyms)

1. below a rocky cliff
2. precipitous mountain
3. embankment

Compounds

• 橫頭磡／横头磡 (Héngtóukàn)
• 紅磡／红磡 (Hóngkàn)

 

Japanese

Kanji

磡

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): かん (kan)、こん (kon)