皈依

See also: 帰依

Chinese

		comply with; follow	according to; depend on; near to according to; depend on; near to; (Eastern Min) kinship prefix
trad. (皈依)		皈	依
simp. #(皈依)		皈	依
alternative forms		歸依／归依

Etymology

Calque of Sanskrit शरणम् गच्छामि (śaraṇam gacchāmi, “to go to a refuge”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): guīyī

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄟ ㄧ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gui¹ yi¹

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwai¹ ji¹
• Gan (Wiktionary): gui¹ i¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kûi-yî
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kui-i

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guīyī
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟ ㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gueiyi
    • Wade–Giles: kuei¹-i¹
    • Yale: gwēi-yī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gueii
    • Palladius: гуйи (guji)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ i⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: gui¹ yi¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: guij
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuei⁵⁵ i⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gwai¹ ji¹
    • Yale: gwāi yī
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwai¹ ji¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: guei¹ yi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɐi̯⁵⁵ jiː⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: gui¹ i¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kui⁴² i⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kûi-yî
    • Hakka Romanization System: gui^ˊ i^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gui¹ yi¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ku̯i²⁴⁻¹¹ i²⁴/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kûi-yî
    • Hakka Romanization System: gui^ˊ (r)i^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gui¹ yi¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ku̯i²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)i²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kui-i
    • Tâi-lô: kui-i
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kui'y
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kui⁴⁴⁻²² i⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kui³³ i³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kui⁴⁴⁻²² i⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kui⁴⁴⁻³³ i⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kui⁴⁴⁻³³ i⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: kjw+j 'j+j

Rime
Character	皈	依
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	微 (21)	微 (20)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	舉韋切	於希切
Baxter	kjw+j	'j+j
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʉi/	/ʔɨi/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷɨi/	/ʔɨi/
Shao Rongfen	/kiuəi/	/ʔiəi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kuj/	/ʔɨj/
Li Rong	/kiuəi/	/ʔiəi/
Wang Li	/kĭwəi/	/ĭəi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kwe̯i/	/ʔe̯i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guī	yī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwai1	ji1

Verb

皈依

1. (Buddhism, intransitive) to become a Buddhist

   皈依三寶／皈依三宝  ―  guīyī sānbǎo  ―  to take refuge with the Triple Gem

   皈依佛門／皈依佛门  ―  guīyī fómén  ―  to follow the Buddhist path

   • 那郡侯磕頭禮拜，誓願皈依。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
     那郡侯磕头礼拜，誓愿皈依。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

     From: Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16^th century CE

     Nà jùnhóu kētóu lǐbài, shìyuàn guīyī. [Pinyin]

     That commandery marquess kowtowed in obeisance, vowing to become a Buddhist.

2. (transitive) to convert to (a religion)

   皈依天主教  ―  guīyī tiānzhǔjiào  ―  to convert to Catholicism

Derived terms

• 皈依者 (guīyīzhě)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (皈依):

• → Japanese: 帰依(きえ) (kie)
• → Korean: 귀의(歸依) (gwiui)
• → Vietnamese: quy y (皈依)

Further reading

• Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “皈依” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
皈	依

Noun

皈依

1. chữ Hán form of quy y (“taking refuge”).