染色

Chinese

		to catch (a disease); dye	colour; dice; look colour; dice; look; appearance
trad. (染色)		染	色
simp. #(染色)		染	色

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rǎnsè

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄢˇ ㄙㄜˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jim⁵ sik¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngiam-set
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ní-sek / ní-siak / jiám-sek / liám-sek

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rǎnsè
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄢˇ ㄙㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rǎnsè
    • Wade–Giles: jan³-sê⁴
    • Yale: rǎn-sè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: raanseh
    • Palladius: жаньсэ (žanʹsɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐän²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɤ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jim⁵ sik¹
    • Yale: yíhm sīk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jim⁵ sik⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: yim⁵ xig¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːm¹³ sɪk̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiam-set
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngiam sed^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngiam⁴ sed⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯am⁵⁵ set̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ní-sek
    • Tâi-lô: ní-sik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: nyseg
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ní-siak
    • Tâi-lô: ní-siak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: nysiag
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /nĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siak̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiám-sek
    • Tâi-lô: jiám-sik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jiafmseg
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liám-sek
    • Tâi-lô: liám-sik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liafmseg
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /liam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/

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• Middle Chinese: nyemX|nyemH srik

Rime
Character	染	染	色
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	日 (38)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	鹽 (153)	鹽 (153)	職 (134)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	而琰切	而豔切	所力切
Baxter	nyemX	nyemH	srik
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiᴇmX/	/ȵiᴇmH/	/ʃɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiɛmX/	/ȵiɛmH/	/ʃɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjæmX/	/ȵʑjæmH/	/ʃiek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵiamX/	/ȵiamH/	/ʂik̚/
Li Rong	/ȵiɛmX/	/ȵiɛmH/	/ʃiək̚/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭɛmX/	/ȵʑĭɛmH/	/ʃĭək̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯ɛmX/	/ȵʑi̯ɛmH/	/ʂi̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rǎn	ràn	she
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jim5	jim6	sik1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.n[a]mʔ  s.rək/

  (Zhengzhang): /*njomʔ|njoms  srɯɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	染	色
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	rǎn	sè
Middle Chinese	‹ nyemX ›	‹ srik ›
Old Chinese	/*C.n[a]mʔ/	/*s.rək/
English	to dye	color; countenance
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	染	染	色
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
No.	10790	10791	10989
Phonetic component	染	染	色
Rime group	談	談	職
Rime subdivision	3	3	0
Corresponding MC rime	冉	染	色
Old Chinese	/*njomʔ/	/*njoms/	/*srɯɡ/

Verb

染色

1. to dye

Derived terms

• 染色分體／染色分体
• 染色單體／染色单体
• 染色質／染色质 (rǎnsèzhì)
• 染色體／染色体 (rǎnsètǐ)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (染色):

• → Japanese: 染(せん)色(しょく) (senshoku)
• → Korean: 염색(染色) (yeomsaek)

See also

• 印花 (yìnhuā)
• 印染 (yìnrǎn)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
染	色
せん Grade: 6	しょく Grade: 2
on'yomi

Noun

染(せん)色(しょく) • (senshoku) 

1. staining, dyeing

Verb

染(せん)色(しょく)する • (senshoku suru) suru (stem 染(せん)色(しょく)し (senshoku shi), past 染(せん)色(しょく)した (senshoku shita))

1. to stain, to dye

Conjugation

Conjugation of "染色する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	染色し	せんしょくし	senshoku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	染色し	せんしょくし	senshoku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	染色する	せんしょくする	senshoku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	染色する	せんしょくする	senshoku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	染色すれ	せんしょくすれ	senshoku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	染色せよ¹ 染色しろ²	せんしょくせよ¹ せんしょくしろ²	senshoku seyo¹ senshoku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	染色される	せんしょくされる	senshoku sareru
Causative	染色させる 染色さす	せんしょくさせる せんしょくさす	senshoku saseru senshoku sasu
Potential	染色できる	せんしょくできる	senshoku dekiru
Volitional	染色しよう	せんしょくしよう	senshoku shiyō
Negative	染色しない	せんしょくしない	senshoku shinai
Negative continuative	染色せず	せんしょくせず	senshoku sezu
Formal	染色します	せんしょくします	senshoku shimasu
Perfective	染色した	せんしょくした	senshoku shita
Conjunctive	染色して	せんしょくして	senshoku shite
Hypothetical conditional	染色すれば	せんしょくすれば	senshoku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
染	色

Noun

染色 • (yeomsaek) (hangeul 염색)

1. hanja form^? of 염색 (“dyeing”)