枉法

Chinese

		in the wrong; in vain	law; method; way law; method; way; Buddhist teaching; Legalist; France (abbrev.)
simp. and trad. (枉法)		枉	法

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wǎngfǎ

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄤˇ ㄈㄚˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wong² faat³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): vóng-fap

(Hailu, HRS): vong^ˊ fab
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): orng³ hah⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): óng-hoat

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wǎngfǎ [Phonetic: wángfǎ]
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄤˇ ㄈㄚˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wǎngfǎ
  - Wade–Giles: wang³-fa³
  - Yale: wǎng-fǎ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woangfaa
  - Palladius: ванфа (vanfa)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wong² faat³
  - Yale: wóng faat
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wong² faat⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: wong² fad³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔːŋ³⁵ faːt̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vóng-fap
  - Hakka Romanization System: vong^ˋ fab^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: vong³ fab⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /voŋ³¹ fap̚²/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: vong^ˊ fab
  - Sinological IPA: /voŋ²⁴⁻³³ fap⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: orng³ hah⁶ [Phonetic: orng² hah⁶]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ô̤ng-hah
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɒŋ⁴⁵³⁻¹³ haʔ¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: orng³ hah⁶ [Phonetic: orng² hah⁶]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɒŋ³³²⁻¹³ haʔ²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: óng-hoat
  - Tâi-lô: óng-huat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ofnghoad
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huat̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ huat̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huat̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huat̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ huat̚³²/

Middle Chinese: 'jwangX pjop

Rime
Character	枉	法
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)	乏 (148)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	紆往切	方乏切
Baxter	'jwangX	pjop
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔʉɐŋ^X/	/pɨɐp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔʷiɐŋ^X/	/piɐp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiuɑŋ^X/	/piɐp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔuaŋ^X/	/puap̚/
Li Rong	/ʔiuaŋ^X/	/piɐp̚/
Wang Li	/ĭwaŋ^X/	/pĭwɐp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔiwaŋ^X/	/pi̯wɐp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wǎng	fa
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wong²	faat³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qʷaŋʔ [p.k]ap/

(Zhengzhang): /*qʷaŋʔ pqab/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	枉	法
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wǎng	fǎ
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjwang^X ›	‹ pjop ›
Old Chinese	/*qʷaŋʔ/	/*[p.k]ap/
English	crooked; depraved	model, law
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	枉	法
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	12759	2867
Phonetic component	往	法
Rime group	陽	盍
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	枉	法
Old Chinese	/*qʷaŋʔ/	/*pqab/
Notes		說文灋省文

Verb

枉法

to distort and break the law

Derived terms

徇私枉法 (xùnsīwǎngfǎ)
貪贓枉法 / 贪赃枉法 (tānzāngwǎngfǎ)