曲阜

Chinese

		tune; song; bent tune; song; bent; crooked; wrong	abundant; mound
simp. and trad. (曲阜)		曲	阜

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Qūfù

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩ ㄈㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kuk¹ fau⁶
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷chioq-veu

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Qūfù
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄩ ㄈㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Cyufù
    • Wade–Giles: Chʻü¹-fu⁴
    • Yale: Chyū-fù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Chiufuh
    • Palladius: Цюйфу (Cjujfu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ fu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: kuk¹ fau⁶
    • Yale: kūk fauh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kuk⁷ fau⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: kug¹ feo⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊk̚⁵ fɐu̯²²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁷chioq-veu
    • MiniDict: chioh^入 veu
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴qioq-veu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰioʔ³³ vɤ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: khjowk bjuwX

Rime
Character	曲	阜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	燭 (8)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	丘玉切	房久切
Baxter	khjowk	bjuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɨok̚/	/bɨuX/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰiok̚/	/biuX/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiok̚/	/biəuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰuawk̚/	/buwX/
Li Rong	/kʰiok̚/	/biuX/
Wang Li	/kʰĭwok̚/	/bĭəuX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰi̯wok̚/	/bʱi̯ə̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qu	fòu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	huk1	fau6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʰ(r)ok  [b](r)uʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰoɡ  buʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	曲	阜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qū	fù
Middle Chinese	‹ khjowk ›	‹ bjuwX ›
Old Chinese	/*kʰ(r)ok/	/*[b](r)uʔ/
English	to bend	big mound
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	曲	阜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10578	3533
Phonetic component	曲	阜
Rime group	屋	幽
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	曲	婦
Old Chinese	/*kʰoɡ/	/*buʔ/

Proper noun

曲阜

1. (～市) Qufu (a county-level city in Jining, Shandong, China)
2. (historical) Qufu (capital of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn period)

Descendants

• → English: Chufou, Ch'ü-fu, Qufu