斟愖

Chinese

		pour; to deliberate
trad. (斟愖)		斟	愖
simp. #(斟愖)		斟	愖

Etymology

Reduplication in Old Chinese.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhēnchén

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ ㄔㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zam¹ sam⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhēnchén
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ ㄔㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhenchén
    • Wade–Giles: chên¹-chʻên²
    • Yale: jēn-chén
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenchern
    • Palladius: чжэньчэнь (čžɛnʹčɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zam¹ sam⁴
    • Yale: jām sàhm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzam¹ sam⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: zem¹ sem⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐm⁵⁵ sɐm²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsyim dzyim

Rime
Character	斟	愖
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	侵 (139)	侵 (139)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	職深切	氏任切
Baxter	tsyim	dzyim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪm/	/d͡ʑiɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕim/	/d͡ʑim/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjem/	/d͡ʑjem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cim/	/d͡ʑim/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiəm/	/ʑiəm/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕm/	/ʑĭĕm/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯əm/	/ʑi̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēn	chén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zam1	sam4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kljum  ɡljum/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	斟
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhēn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyim ›
Old Chinese	/*t.[q][ə]m/
English	deliberate (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	斟	愖
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11291	11293
Phonetic component	甚	甚
Rime group	侵	侵
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	斟	諶
Old Chinese	/*kljum/	/*ɡljum/
Notes		同諶，集韻同

Verb

斟愖

1. to hesitate

Adjective

斟愖

1. hesitating