愛でる
Appearance
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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愛 |
め Grade: 4 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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賞でる (rare) |
Etymology
[edit]⟨me2du⟩ → */məɨdu/ → /med͡zu/ → /mederu/
From Old Japanese verb 愛づ (medu).[1][2]
Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]愛でる • (mederu) transitive ichidan (stem 愛で (mede), past 愛でた (medeta))
- to love
- to adore
- to admire, to appreciate
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "愛でる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
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Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 愛で | めで | mede | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 愛で | めで | mede | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 愛でる | めでる | mederu | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 愛でる | めでる | mederu | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 愛でれ | めでれ | medere | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 愛でよ¹ 愛でろ² |
めでよ¹ めでろ² |
medeyo¹ medero² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 愛でられる | めでられる | mederareru | |
Causative | 愛でさせる 愛でさす |
めでさせる めでさす |
medesaseru medesasu | |
Potential | 愛でられる 愛でれる³ |
めでられる めでれる³ |
mederareru medereru³ | |
Volitional | 愛でよう | めでよう | medeyō | |
Negative | 愛でない 愛でぬ 愛でん |
めでない めでぬ めでん |
medenai medenu meden | |
Negative continuative | 愛でず | めでず | medezu | |
Formal | 愛でます | めでます | medemasu | |
Perfective | 愛でた | めでた | medeta | |
Conjunctive | 愛でて | めでて | medete | |
Hypothetical conditional | 愛でれば | めでれば | medereba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
Derived terms
[edit]- 愛で (mede)
- 愛で慈しむ (medeitsukushimu)
- 愛でたい, 目出度い, 芽出度い (medetai, “happy, worthy of congratulations”)
- おめでとう (omedetō, “congratulations”)
- 珍しい (mezurashī, “rare”)
References
[edit]Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 愛 read as め
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese ichidan verbs
- Japanese shimo ichidan verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples