彌勒
Chinese
[edit]phonetic | |||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (彌勒) | 彌 | 勒 | |
simp. (弥勒) | 弥 | 勒 |
Etymology
[edit]From early Middle Indo-Aryan in forms like *Metreka, due to alternation of -k- and -y- that can be found in Middle-Indic languages such as Gandhari and Ashokan Prakrit. Ji (1998v11) considers the most likely direct ancestor to be Tocharian A Metrak, which also gave rise to Tocharian B Maitrāk. Cf. Bactrian Μητραγα (Mētraga) (Karashima, 2010); connected to the Gandhari 𐨨𐨅𐨟𐨿𐨪𐨅𐨩 (metreya) and Sanskrit मैत्रेय (maitreya). However, the frequently-cited form Maitreya is not a direct ancestor. Ji (ibid.) further finds the root of both the word and the religious figure in Sanskrit मैत्री (maitrī, “goodwill; close union; friendship”) and related to मित्र (mitra, “Mitra”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): mei4 lak6
- Eastern Min (BUC): Mì-lĕk
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Bî-le̍k / Bî-lia̍k / Mî-le̍k / Nî-le̍k
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄧˊ ㄌㄜˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Mílè
- Wade–Giles: Mi2-lê4
- Yale: Mí-lè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Mileh
- Palladius: Милэ (Milɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mi³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: mei4 lak6
- Yale: mèih lahk
- Cantonese Pinyin: mei4 lak9
- Guangdong Romanization: méi4 leg6
- Sinological IPA (key): /mei̯²¹ lɐk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: Mì-lĕk
- Sinological IPA (key): /mi⁵³⁻³³ l̃ɛiʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bî-lia̍k
- Tâi-lô: Bî-lia̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: biliak
- IPA (Quanzhou): /bi²⁴⁻²² liak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Mî-le̍k
- Tâi-lô: Mî-li̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: milek
- IPA (Taipei): /mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪk̚⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /mĩ²³⁻³³ liɪk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Nî-le̍k
- Tâi-lô: Nî-li̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: nilek
- IPA (Taipei): /nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪk̚⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ²³⁻³³ liɪk̚⁴/
- Middle Chinese: mjie lok
Proper noun
[edit]彌勒
Synonyms
[edit]Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 彌勒, 彌勒佛, 彌勒菩薩 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 彌勒佛 |
Singapore | 彌勒佛, 彌勒菩薩 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 彌羅佛 |
Yangzhou | 彌陀, 笑佛, 彌勒佛 | |
Cantonese | Hong Kong | 彌勒佛 |
Gan | Nanchang | 彌勒佛 |
Hakka | Meixian | 摁肚伯公 |
Yudu | 大肚羅漢 | |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 彌勒佛, 彌提 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 肥勒, 肥勒爺 |
Quanzhou | 肥勒 | |
Zhangzhou | 肥勒, 肥勒佛, 阿肥勒佛仔 | |
Jieyang | 彌勒佛 | |
Puxian Min | Putian | 未來佛 |
Xianyou | 未來佛 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 和合菩薩 |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Others:
- → Korean: 미러 (Mireo, “Mile”)
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
彌 | 勒 |
Proper noun
[edit]彌勒 • (Mireuk or McCune-Reischauer: Mirŭk or Yale: Miluk) (hangeul 미륵)
Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
彌 | 勒 |
Proper noun
[edit]彌勒
- Chinese terms derived from Middle Indo-Aryan languages
- Chinese terms derived from Tocharian A
- Chinese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Eastern Min proper nouns
- Hokkien proper nouns
- Middle Chinese proper nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 彌
- Chinese terms spelled with 勒
- zh:Buddhism
- zh:Cities in Yunnan
- zh:Places in Yunnan
- zh:Places in China
- zh:Bodhisattvas
- zh:Buddhas
- Korean lemmas
- Korean proper nouns
- Korean proper nouns in Han script
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese proper nouns
- Vietnamese proper nouns in Han script
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán