寒暑

Chinese

		cold; poor; to tremble	heat; hot weather; summer heat
simp. and trad. (寒暑)		寒	暑

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hánshǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˊ ㄕㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hon⁴ syu²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hân-sú

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hánshǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˊ ㄕㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hánshǔ
    • Wade–Giles: han²-shu³
    • Yale: hán-shǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: harnshuu
    • Palladius: ханьшу (xanʹšu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xän³⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hon⁴ syu²
    • Yale: hòhn syú
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hon⁴ sy²
    • Guangdong Romanization: hon⁴ xu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːn²¹ syː³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hân-sú
    • Tâi-lô: hân-sú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hansuo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /han²⁴⁻²² su⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /han²⁴⁻²² su⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /han¹³⁻²² su⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /han²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /han²³⁻³³ su⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: han syoX

Rime
Character	寒	暑
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	胡安切	舒吕切
Baxter	han	syoX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɑn/	/ɕɨʌX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦɑn/	/ɕiɔX/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɑn/	/ɕiɔX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦan/	/ɕɨə̆X/
Li Rong	/ɣɑn/	/ɕiɔX/
Wang Li	/ɣɑn/	/ɕĭoX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣɑn/	/ɕi̯woX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hán	shǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hon4	syu2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.[ɡ]ˤa[n]  s-tʰaʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːn  hjaʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	寒	暑
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hán	shǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ han ›	‹ syoX ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.[ɡ]ˁa[n]/	/*s-tʰaʔ/
English	cold	heat
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	寒	暑
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	4870	17014
Phonetic component	寒	者
Rime group	元	魚
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	寒
Old Chinese	/*ɡaːn/	/*hjaʔ/

Noun

寒暑

1. cold and heat
2. winter and summer
3. (figurative) a year's time; time

Derived terms

• 再寒暑
• 寒暑推移
• 寒暑表 (hánshǔbiǎo)
• 祁寒暑雨