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安石榴

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Chinese

[edit]
Arsacid Empire; Parthian Empire pomegranate
trad. (安石榴) 安石 榴
simp. #(安石榴) 安石 榴

Etymology

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So named as it was brought to China by Zhang Qian from the Arsacid Empire (安石) in Irania.

The botanist Li Shizhen suggests that 榴 (OC *m·ru) here is the same as 瘤 (OC *m·ru, *m·rus, “lump, tumour”), as the pomegranate fruit resembles cancerous outgrowth on the body. The reconstructed consonants of this part equal those of a wanderwort for the pomegranate present in Arabic رُمَّان (rummān, “pomegranate”), see it for other languages.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 安 石 榴
Reading # 1/1 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34) 常 (25) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 寒 (61) 昔 (123) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division (等) I III III
Fanqie 烏寒切 常隻切 力求切
Baxter 'an dzyek ljuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔɑn/ /d͡ʑiᴇk̚/ /lɨu/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔɑn/ /d͡ʑiɛk̚/ /liu/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔɑn/ /d͡ʑiæk̚/ /liəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔan/ /d͡ʑiajk̚/ /luw/
Li
Rong 		/ʔɑn/ /ʑiɛk̚/ /liu/
Wang
Li 		/ɑn/ /ʑĭɛk̚/ /lĭəu/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʔɑn/ /ʑi̯ɛk̚/ /li̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		ān shí liú
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		on1 sik6 lau4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 安 安 安 石
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		ān ān ān shí
Middle
Chinese 		‹ 'an › ‹ 'an › ‹ 'an › ‹ dzyek ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ʔ]ˁa[n]/ /*[ʔ]ˁa[n]/ /*[ʔ]ˁa[n]/ /*dAk/
English peace(ful) how 安息 Ānxī (Iranian country in the western regions, W. Hàn; from Aršaka = Arsaces, founder of the Arsacid dynasty) stone

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 安 石 榴
Reading # 1/1 1/1 1/1
No. 11 11470 8886
Phonetic
component 		安 石 卯
Rime
group 		元 鐸 幽
Rime
subdivision 		1 0 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		安 石 劉
Old
Chinese 		/*qaːn/ /*djaɡ/ /*m·ru/

Noun

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安石榴

  1. (archaic) pomegranate

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 石榴 (“pomegranate”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 石榴, 丹若, 若榴, 楉榴, 安石榴
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 石榴, 安石榴
Taxonomic name 石榴, 安石榴
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 石榴
Taiwan 石榴
Chengde 石榴
Chifeng 石榴
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 石榴
Heihe 石榴
Qiqihar 石榴
Harbin 石榴
Jiamusi 石榴
Baicheng 石榴
Changchun 石榴
Tonghua 石榴
Shenyang 石榴
Jinzhou 石榴
Singapore 石榴
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 石榴兒
Tangshan 石榴
Cangzhou 石榴
Baoding 石榴
Shijiazhuang 石榴
Lijin 石榴
Jinan 石榴
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 石榴兒
Dandong 石榴兒
Yantai 石榴
Yantai (Muping) 石榴
Qingdao 石榴
Zhucheng 大石榴
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 石榴
Lingbao 石榴
Jining 石榴
Wanrong 石榴
Linfen 石榴
Shangqiu 石榴
Yuanyang 石榴
Zhengzhou 石榴
Xinyang 石榴
Baihe 石榴
Xi'an 石榴
Baoji 石榴
Tianshui 石榴
Xining 石榴
Xuzhou 石榴
Fuyang 石榴
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 石榴
Lanzhou 石榴
Dunhuang 石榴
Hami 石榴
Ürümqi 石榴
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 石榴
Nanchong 石榴
Dazhou 石榴
Hanyuan 石榴
Xichang 石榴
Zigong 石榴兒
Chongqing 石榴
Wuhan 石榴
Yichang 石榴
Xiangyang 石榴
Tianmen 石榴
Guiyang 石榴
Zunyi 石榴兒
Bijie 石榴
Liping 石榴
Zhaotong 石榴
Dali 石榴
Kunming 石榴
Mengzi 石榴
Guilin 石榴
Liuzhou 石榴
Jishou 石榴
Changde 石榴
Hanzhong 石榴
Pematangsiantar 石榴
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 石榴
Yangzhou 石榴
Lianyungang 石榴
Lianshui 石榴
Nantong 石榴
Anqing 石榴
Wuhu 石榴
Hefei 石榴
Hong'an 石榴
Cantonese Guangzhou 石榴, 結子石榴
Hong Kong 石榴, 結子石榴
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 石榴
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 石榴
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 石榴
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 石榴
Macau 石榴
Guangzhou (Panyu) 石榴
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 石榴
Guangzhou (Conghua) 石榴
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 石榴
Foshan 石榴
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 石榴
Foshan (Shunde) 石榴
Foshan (Sanshui) 石榴
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 石榴
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 石榴
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 石榴
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 花棯
Zhuhai (Doumen) 花棯
Jiangmen (Baisha) 花棯
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 花棯
Taishan 花棯
Kaiping (Chikan) 花棯
Enping (Niujiang) 花棯
Heshan (Yayao) 石榴
Dongguan 番鬼石榴
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 石榴
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 石榴
Yangon (Taishan) 石榴
Mandalay (Taishan) 石榴
Gan Nanchang 石榴
Lichuan 石榴
Pingxiang 石榴
Hakka Meixian 石榴仔
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 石榴
Dongguan (Qingxi) 石榴
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 番石榴
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 石榴
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 石榴
Yudu 石榴, 石梨
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 石榴仔
Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) 石榴
Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) 石榴
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 石榴
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 石榴
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 石榴仔
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 石榴
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 石榴
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 石榴
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 石榴仔
Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) 石榴
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 石榴
Hong Kong 石榴
Senai (Huiyang) 石榴
Huizhou Jixi 石榴
Shexian 石榴
Jin Taiyuan 石榴
Yangyuan 石榴兒
Datong 石榴兒
Xinzhou 石榴兒
Lüliang (Lishi) 石榴兒
Changzhi 石榴
Linhe 石榴
Jining 石榴
Hohhot 石榴
Erenhot 石榴
Pingshan 石榴
Zhangjiakou 石榴
Handan 石榴
Linzhou 石榴
Suide 石榴兒
Northern Min Jian'ou 石榴
Eastern Min Fuzhou 石榴
Fuqing 石榴
Southern Min Xiamen 石榴
Quanzhou 石榴
Yongchun 石榴
Zhangzhou 石榴
Zhao'an 石榴
Taipei 石榴
New Taipei (Tamsui) 石榴
New Taipei (Sanxia) 石榴
New Taipei (Pingxi) 石榴
Kaohsiung 石榴
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 石榴
Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 石榴
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 石榴
Kaohsiung (Tianliao) 石榴
Yilan 石榴
Yilan (Luodong) 石榴
Yilan (Toucheng) 石榴
Changhua (Lukang) 石榴
Changhua (Yongjing) 石榴
Taichung 石榴
Tainan 石榴
Tainan (Anping) 石榴
Hsinchu 石榴
Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) 石榴
Kinmen 石榴
Penghu (Magong) 石榴
Penghu (Xiyu) 石榴
Penang (Hokkien) 石榴
Jieyang 石榴
Bangkok (Teochew) 石榴
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 紅花石榴
Singapore (Teochew) 石榴
Haikou 石榴
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 石榴
Wu Shanghai 石榴
Shanghai (Chongming) 石榴
Suzhou 石榴
Danyang 石榴
Hangzhou 石榴
Ningbo 石榴, 金猛
Wenzhou 金櫻
Jinhua 石榴
Xiang Changsha 石榴
Loudi 石榴
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