孺

孺 U+5B7A, 孺 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B7A ← 孹 [U+5B79] CJK Unified Ideographs 孻 → [U+5B7B]

Translingual

Han character

孺 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 弓木一月月 (NDMBB), four-corner 1142₇, composition ⿰子需)

1. child
2. blood relation
3. affection

Derived characters

• 𧃨

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 281, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7042
• Dae Jaweon: page 551, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1020, character 1
• Unihan data for U+5B7A

Chinese

trad.		孺
simp. #		孺
2nd round simp.		⿰子入

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (需) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
羺	*noː
獳	*noː
擩	*noːs, *njoʔ, *njos, *njul, *njod
譳	*noːs
懦	*noːls, *njo
糯	*noːls
需	*sno
繻	*sno, *njo
鑐	*sno
儒	*njo
濡	*njo, *noːn
襦	*njo
嚅	*njo
顬	*njo
鱬	*njo
嬬	*njo
臑	*njo
醹	*njo, *njoʔ
蠕	*njo
孺	*njos

Etymology

Probably cognate with 柔 (OC *mlju, “soft”), see there for more (STEDT).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rú (ru²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu⁴ / jyu⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yì
• Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̀
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zy²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lû / jû

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ru⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rú
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rú
    • Wade–Giles: ju²
    • Yale: rú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ru
    • Palladius: жу (žu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐu³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyu⁴ / jyu⁶
    • Yale: yùh / yuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁴ / jy⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yu⁴ / yu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyː²¹/, /jyː²²/

Note: jyu6 - variant.

• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
    • Hakka Romanization System: i^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi²
    • Sinological IPA: /i¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)i^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi²
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̀
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zy²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sy¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lû
    • Tâi-lô: lû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: luu
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /lu²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jû
    • Tâi-lô: jû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: juu
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zu¹³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ru⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jû
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡zu⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: nyuH

Rime
Character	孺
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	而遇切
Baxter	nyuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨoH/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵioH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑioH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵuə̆H/
Li Rong	/ȵioH/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭuH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyu6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*no-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*njos/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	孺
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	rù
Middle Chinese	‹ nyuH ›
Old Chinese	/*no-s/
English	child
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	孺
Reading #	1/1
No.	13983
Phonetic component	需
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	孺
Old Chinese	/*njos/

Definitions

孺

1. ^† young and small
2. ^† young child

Compounds

• 大孺人
• 婦孺／妇孺 (fùrú)
• 婦孺皆知／妇孺皆知 (fùrújiēzhī)
• 孺人
• 孺子 (rúzǐ)
• 孺子可教 (rúzǐkějiào)
• 孺子嬰／孺子婴
• 孺子牛 (rúzǐniú)
• 孺慕
• 孺齒／孺齿
• 黃口孺子／黄口孺子

 

References

• “孺”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

孺

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): じゅ (ju)
• Kun: ちのみご (chinomigo)、おさない (osanai)

Korean

Hanja

孺 (eum 유 (yu))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

孺: Hán Nôm readings: nhọ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.