孤軍作戰

Chinese

		lone army; isolated force	to fight in a battle; to battle; military operation to fight in a battle; to battle; military operation; military campaign
trad. (孤軍作戰)		孤軍	作戰
simp. (孤军作战)		孤军	作战

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gūjūnzuòzhàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨ ㄐㄩㄣ ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄓㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gu¹ gwan¹ zok³ zin³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gūjūnzuòzhàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨ ㄐㄩㄣ ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄓㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gujyunzuòjhàn
    • Wade–Giles: ku¹-chün¹-tso⁴-chan⁴
    • Yale: gū-jyūn-dzwò-jàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gujiuntzuohjann
    • Palladius: гуцзюньцзочжань (guczjunʹczočžanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gu¹ gwan¹ zok³ zin³
    • Yale: gū gwān jok jin
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gu¹ gwan¹ dzok⁸ dzin³
    • Guangdong Romanization: gu¹ guen¹ zog³ jin³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuː⁵⁵ kʷɐn⁵⁵ t͡sɔːk̚³ t͡siːn³³/

Idiom

孤軍作戰

1. to fight in isolation

   你並非孤軍作戰。 [MSC, trad.]
   你并非孤军作战。 [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐ bìngfēi gūjūnzuòzhàn. [Pinyin]

   You are not alone.

   • 可以說我們已經脫離了過去的那種慢慢發展的孤軍作戰的景況。 [MSC, trad.]
     可以说我们已经脱离了过去的那种慢慢发展的孤军作战的景况。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1936, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《中國革命戰爭的戰略問題》 (Problems of Strategy in China's Revolutionary War), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition

     Kěyǐ shuō wǒmen yǐjīng tuōlí le guòqù de nà zhǒng mànmàn fāzhǎn de gūjūnzuòzhàn de jǐngkuàng. [Pinyin]

     It can be said that we have outgrown the past state of slow development and fighting in isolation.