土撥鼠

See also: 土拨鼠

Chinese

		earth; dust; rural earth; dust; rural; uncouth; uncultured; plebeian	to push aside; to appropriate (money); to move to push aside; to appropriate (money); to move; to set aside; group; batch; to poke; to stir	rat; mouse
trad. (土撥鼠)		土	撥	鼠
simp. (土拨鼠)		土	拨	鼠

Etymology

First attested in Bencao Shiyi (本草拾遺, 739 CE) by Chen Cangqi (陳藏器). A loan-blend consisting of 土撥 (Phono-semantic matching of Proto-Mongolic *tarbagan) and 鼠 (Han, 2023).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tǔbōshǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨˇ ㄅㄛ ㄕㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tou² but⁶ syu²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tǔbōshǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˇ ㄅㄛ ㄕㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tǔboshǔ
    • Wade–Giles: tʻu³-po¹-shu³
    • Yale: tǔ-bwō-shǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuuboshuu
    • Palladius: тубошу (tubošu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: tou² but⁶ syu²
    • Yale: tóu buht syú
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tou² but⁹ sy²
    • Guangdong Romanization: tou² bud⁶ xu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰou̯³⁵ puːt̚² syː³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: thuX|duX pat syoX

Rime
Character	土	土	撥	鼠
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	定 (7)	幫 (1)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	模 (23)	末 (64)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I	III
Fanqie	他魯切	徒古切	北末切	舒吕切
Baxter	thuX	duX	pat	syoX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰuoX/	/duoX/	/puɑt̚/	/ɕɨʌX/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰuoX/	/duoX/	/pʷɑt̚/	/ɕiɔX/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰoX/	/doX/	/puɑt̚/	/ɕiɔX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰɔX/	/dɔX/	/pwat̚/	/ɕɨə̆X/
Li Rong	/tʰoX/	/doX/	/puɑt̚/	/ɕiɔX/
Wang Li	/tʰuX/	/duX/	/puɑt̚/	/ɕĭoX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tʰuoX/	/dʱuoX/	/puɑt̚/	/ɕi̯woX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tǔ	dù	bo	shǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tou2	dou6	but3	syu2

Noun

土撥鼠

1. marmot

Synonyms

• 旱獺／旱獭 (hàntǎ)
• (literary) 鼧鼥 (tuóbá)

Derived terms

• 北美土撥鼠／北美土拨鼠 (Běiměi tǔbōshǔ)
• 土撥鼠日／土拨鼠日 (Tǔbōshǔ Rì)

 

References

Han, Dongyang (韩冬阳) (2023) “土拨鼠”为什么不叫“拨土鼠”. 咬文嚼字(4).