国民学校

See also: 國民學校

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 国民学校 – see 國民學校 (“elementary school”). (This term is the simplified form of 國民學校).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
国	民	学	校
こく Grade: 2	みん Grade: 4	がく > がっ Grade: 1	こう Grade: 1
on'yomi	goon		kan'on

Alternative spelling
國民學校 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

Compound of 国(こく)民(みん) (kokumin, “nationals, citizens”) + 学(がっ)校(こう) (gakkō, “school”). Calque of German Volksschule (“primary school”, literally “people-school”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) こくみんがっこー [kòkúmíń gáꜜkkòò] (Nakadaka – [5])
• IPA^(key): [ko̞kɯ̟mʲiŋ ɡa̠k̚ko̞ː]

Noun

国(こく)民(みん)学(がっ)校(こう) • (kokumin gakkō) ^{←こくみんがくかう (kokumin gakukau)?}

1. (historical) elementary school, national elementary school
   • 2018 December 8 (last accessed), “Kokumin gakko”, in Kodomo-tachi no mita sensō [The war children saw]‎^[1], Hiroshima Virtual Museum, archived from the original on 11 November 2017:

     国(こく)民(みん)学(がっ)校(こう)は国(こく)民(みん)の基(き)礎(そ)的(てき)錬(れん)成(せい)をなす学(がっ)校(こう)とされ、心(しん)身(しん)を鍛(きた)え、国(くに)のため天(てん)皇(のう)のために身(み)を捧(ささ)げることが求(もと)められました。

     Kokumin gakkō wa kokumin no kisoteki rensei o nasu gakkō tosare, shinshin o kitae, kuni no tame tennō no tame ni mi o sasageru koto ga motomeraremashita.

     Kokumin gakko was considered as a school to provide basic training for all citizens, to discipline mind and body, to seek to sacrifice one's body for the country and for the Emperor.

Usage notes

The term was used officially from 1941 to 1947, later replaced by the term 小(しょう)学(がっ)校(こう) (shōgakkō, “primary school”).

Descendants

• → Chinese: 國民學校／国民学校 (guómín xuéxiào)
  • ⇒ Chinese: 國校／国校 (guóxiào)
• → Indonesian: sekolah rakyat (calque)
• → Korean: 국민학교 (gungminhakgyo)
• → Malay: sekolah rendah, sekolah kebangsaan (calque)

See also

• 尋(じん)常(じょう)小(しょう)学(がっ)校(こう) (jinjō shōgakkō)
• 高(こう)等(とう)小(しょう)学(がっ)校(こう) (kōtō shōgakkō)
• Education in the Empire of Japan on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

References

• Gibney, Frank (ed.). 2014. Buritanika kokusai dai hyakka jiten. Tokyo: TBS Britannica.