南面

Chinese

		south	face; side; surface face; side; surface; aspect; top
simp. and trad. (南面)		南	面

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nánmiàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): naam⁴ min⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): nam³ men⁵

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nàm-mien
• Eastern Min (BUC): nàng-miêng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lâm-bīn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): nam⁵ ming⁷

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nánmiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nánmiàn
    • Wade–Giles: nan²-mien⁴
    • Yale: nán-myàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nanmiann
    • Palladius: наньмянь (nanʹmjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nän³⁵ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nánmiànr
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄢˋㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nánmiànr
    • Wade–Giles: nan²-mien⁴-ʼrh
    • Yale: nán-myànr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nanmiall
    • Palladius: наньмяньр (nanʹmjanʹr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nän³⁵ mi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: naam⁴ min⁶
    • Yale: nàahm mihn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: naam⁴ min⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: nam⁴ min⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naːm²¹ miːn²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: nam³ men⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ⁿdam²² ᵐben³²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nàm-mien
    • Hakka Romanization System: nam^ˇ mien
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nam² mian⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /nam¹¹ mi̯en⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: nàng-miêng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡaŋ⁵³⁻²¹ miɛŋ²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâm-bīn
    • Tâi-lô: lâm-bīn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lambin
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lam²⁴⁻²² bin²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lam²⁴⁻²² bin⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lam¹³⁻²² bin²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lam²⁴⁻¹¹ bin³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lam²³⁻³³ bin³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: nam⁵ ming⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nâm mīng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ miŋ¹¹/

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• Middle Chinese: nom mjienH

Rime
Character	南	面
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	那含切	彌箭切
Baxter	nom	mjienH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nʌm/	/miᴇnH/
Pan Wuyun	/nəm/	/miɛnH/
Shao Rongfen	/nɒm/	/mjænH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nəm/	/mianH/
Li Rong	/nᴀm/	/miɛnH/
Wang Li	/nɒm/	/mĭɛnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/năm/	/mi̯ɛnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nán	miàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	naam4	min6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤ[ə]m  C.me[n]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*nuːm  mens/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	南	面
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nán	miàn
Middle Chinese	‹ nom ›	‹ mjienH ›
Old Chinese	/*nˁ[ə]m/	/*C.me[n]-s/
English	south	face
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	南	面
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9355	9098
Phonetic component	南	面
Rime group	侵	元
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	南	面
Old Chinese	/*nuːm/	/*mens/

Noun

南面

1. the south side

Usage notes

Since ancient times, the person of importance was expected to sit on the north side of a room facing south.

Synonyms

• 南邊／南边 (nánbiān)
• 南方 (nánfāng)
• (Cantonese) 南便
• (Hakka) 南片
• (Hokkien, Teochew) 南爿

Coordinate terms

• 東面／东面 (dōngmiàn)
• 西面 (xīmiàn)
• 北面 (běimiàn)

Verb

南面

1. (literary) to be the monarch
2. (literary) to be a government official