ḥꜣt

See also: ḫꜣt and ẖꜣt

Egyptian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈħuːʀit/ → /ˈħuːʀiʔ/ → /ˈħuːʔə/ → /ˈħeːʔ/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħuːʀit/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħuːʀiʔ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħuːʔə/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħeːʔ/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɑt/
  • Conventional anglicization: hat

Noun

 f

1. forepart, front
2. (usually of animals) front part of the body, forepart
3. (of people) forehead, brow
4. bow, prow of a ship
5. beginning, point of time when something starts
6. opening, incipit, beginning of a text
7. vanguard of an army or fleet
8. place where a locality begins; outer limits
9. (of people) first (among some group), chief, foremost, most distinguished one
10. best, choicest (of something)

Inflection

Declension of ḥꜣt (feminine)

singular	ḥꜣt
dual	ḥꜣtj
plural	ḥꜣwt

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥꜣt  

ḥꜣt	ḥꜣt
[Old Kingdom]	[Old Kingdom]

Antonyms

• pḥwj

Derived terms

• jmj ḥꜣt
• jmn-m-ḥꜣt
• jmt ḥꜣt
• jmt-ḥꜣt.f
• ꜥš ḥꜣt
• m ḥꜣt
• r ḥꜣt
• ḥꜣtj
• ḥꜣtj-ꜥ
• ḥꜣt-ꜥ
• ḥꜣt-špswt
• ḥꜣtt
• ḥr-m-ḥꜣt
• ẖr ḥꜣt

Descendants

• Coptic: ϩⲏ (hē)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɑt/
  • Conventional anglicization: hat

Noun

 f

1. tomb [Pyramid Texts to New Kingdom]

   Synonyms: jz, ḥrt, mꜥḥꜥt

Inflection

Declension of ḥꜣt (feminine)

singular	ḥꜣt
dual	ḥꜣtj
plural	ḥꜣwt

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥꜣt  

ḥꜣt	ḥꜣt	ḥꜣt
[Old Kingdom]	[Old Kingdom]	[since the Middle Kingdom]

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɑt/
  • Conventional anglicization: hat

Noun

 f

1. a small unit of time, smaller than a ꜣt but larger than a ꜥnt; approximately a second [Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Declension of ḥꜣt (feminine)

singular	ḥꜣt
dual	ḥꜣtj
plural	ḥꜣwt

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɑt/
  • Conventional anglicization: hat

Noun

 f

1. food [Middle Kingdom]

References

• “ḥꜣ.t (lemma ID 100310)”, “ḥꜣ.t (lemma ID 100280)”, “ḥꜣ.t (lemma ID 100300)”, and “ḥꜣ.t (lemma ID 100290)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 12.19–13.1, 19.2–24.9
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, pages 160, 162
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 89, 93, 229, 376.
• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 142