वृध्

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• वर्ध् (vardh)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ৱৃধ্ (Assamese script)
• ᬯᬺᬥ᭄ (Balinese script)
• বৃধ্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰪𑰴𑰠𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀯𑀾𑀥𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• ဝၖဓ် (Burmese script)
• વૃધ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਵ੍ਰਧ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌵𑍃𑌧𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦮꦽꦣ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂫𑃂𑂡𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ವೃಧ್ (Kannada script)
• វ្ឫធ៑ (Khmer script)
• ວ຺ຣິຘ຺ (Lao script)
• വൃധ് (Malayalam script)
• ᠸᡵᡳᢡ (Manchu script)
• 𑘪𑘵𑘠𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠸᠷᠢᢑᠾ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧊𑧖𑧀𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐰𑐺𑐢𑑂 (Newa script)
• ଵୃଧ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢮꢺꢤ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆮𑆸𑆣𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖪𑖴𑖠𑖿 (Siddham script)
• වෘධ් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩾𑩙𑩮 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚦𑚜𑚶 (Takri script)
• வ்ரித்⁴ (Tamil script)
• వృధ్ (Telugu script)
• วฺฤธฺ (Thai script)
• ཝྲྀ་དྷ྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒫𑒵𑒡𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨭𑨼𑨉𑨜𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwardʰ-

Sanskrit वृध् (vṛdh)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwardʰ-, from a possible Proto-Indo-European root *Hwerdʰ- of uncertain further origin.

Schindler, citing Krisch, takes the root as a metathesis of Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ- (“to grow, rise”), whence रोधति (rodhati, “to grow, sprout”). Alternative theories include a connection to Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁- (“to rule; strong”). The root may have been contaminated by semantically similar roots such as the one underlying अर्ध् (ardh, “to prosper”). See rose for more.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ʋr̩dʱ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ʋr̩d̪ʱ/

Root

वृध् • (vṛdh)

1. to grow, thrive
2. to elevate, praise, exalt

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root वृध् (0 c, 7 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root वृध् (7 c, 0 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

• वर्धति (vardhati, Present)
• वर्त्स्यति (vartsyáti, Future)
• वर्धिष्यति (vardhiṣyáti, Future)
• वर्धिता (vardhitā́, Periphrastic Future)
• अवृधत् (ávṛdhat, Aorist)
• अवर्धिष्ट (ávardhiṣṭa, Aorist)
• ववर्ध (vavárdha, Perfect)

Secondary Forms

• वर्धयति (vardháyati, Causative)
• वर्धापयति (vardhāpáyati, Causative)
• अवीवृधत् (ávīvṛdhat, Causative Aorist)
• विवर्धिषते (vivardhiṣate, Desiderative)
• विवृत्सति (vivṛtsati, Desiderative)
• वरिवृध्यते (varivṛdhyate, Intensive)
• वरिवृधीति (varivṛdhīti, Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

• वृद्ध (vṛddhá, Past Participle)
• वर्धितुम् (vardhitum, Infinitive)
• वृधे (vṛdhé, Infinitive)
• वृधसे (vṛdháse, Infinitive)
• वावृधध्यै (vāvṛdhádhyai, Infinitive)
• वर्धित्वा (vardhitvā́, Gerund)
• वृद्ध्वा (vṛddhvā́, Gerund)
• वर्धनीय (vardhanī́ya, Gerundive)
• वर्धितव्य (vardhitavyá, Gerundive)

Derived Nominal Forms

• वृध् (vṛdh)
• वृध (vṛdhá)
• वर्ध (várdha)
• वर्धक (vardhaka)
• वर्धिन् (vardhin)
• वर्धन (várdhana)
• वृधस् (vṛdhás)
• वृधीक (vṛdhīká)
• वृद्धि (vṛddhi)
• वर्धितृ (vardhitṛ)
• वर्ध्मन् (vardhman)
• ऊर्ध्व (ūrdhvá)
• वृधसान (vṛdhasāná)
• वर्धिष्णु (vardhiṣṇu)
• वावृधेन्य (vāvṛdhénya)
• वर्धयितृ (vardhayitṛ)
• वर्धापन (vardhāpana)

Prefixed Root Forms

• विवर्ध् (vivardh)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “वृध्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1010/2.
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 164
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 520-521; 574
• Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 163; 193-194; 208
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “1. *u̯elH-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 676-77