बुध्यते

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

বুধ্যতে (Assamese script)
ᬩᬸᬥ᭄ᬬᬢᬾ (Balinese script)
বুধ্যতে (Bengali script)
𑰤𑰲𑰠𑰿𑰧𑰝𑰸 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀩𑀼𑀥𑁆𑀬𑀢𑁂 (Brahmi script)
ဗုဓျတေ (Burmese script)
બુધ્યતે (Gujarati script)
ਬੁਧ੍ਯਤੇ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌬𑍁𑌧𑍍𑌯𑌤𑍇 (Grantha script)
ꦧꦸꦣꦾꦠꦺ (Javanese script)
𑂥𑂳𑂡𑂹𑂨𑂞𑂵 (Kaithi script)
ಬುಧ್ಯತೇ (Kannada script)
ពុធ្យតេ (Khmer script)
ພຸຘ຺ຍເຕ (Lao script)
ബുധ്യതേ (Malayalam script)
ᠪᡠᢡᠶᠠᢠᡝ (Manchu script)
𑘤𑘳𑘠𑘿𑘧𑘝𑘹 (Modi script)
ᠪᠤᢑᠾᠶ᠋ᠠᢐᠧ (Mongolian script)
𑧄𑧔𑧀𑧠𑧇𑦽𑧚 (Nandinagari script)
𑐧𑐸𑐢𑑂𑐫𑐟𑐾 (Newa script)
ବୁଧ୍ଯତେ (Odia script)
ꢨꢸꢤ꣄ꢫꢡꢾ (Saurashtra script)
𑆧𑆶𑆣𑇀𑆪𑆠𑆼 (Sharada script)
𑖤𑖲𑖠𑖿𑖧𑖝𑖸 (Siddham script)
බුධ්‍යතෙ (Sinhalese script)
𑩲𑩒𑩮 𑪙𑩻𑩫𑩔 (Soyombo script)
𑚠𑚰𑚜𑚶𑚣𑚙𑚲 (Takri script)
பு³த்⁴யதே (Tamil script)
బుధ్యతే (Telugu script)
พุธฺยเต (Thai script)
བུ་དྷྱ་ཏེ (Tibetan script)
𑒥𑒳𑒡𑓂𑒨𑒞𑒹 (Tirhuta script)
𑨠𑨃𑨜𑩇𑨪𑨙𑨄 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ-

Sanskrit बुध्य॑ते (búdhyate)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *budʰyátay, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰudʰyátay, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰ-yé-tor, from *bʰewdʰ- (“to wake, rise up”), Bulgarian бу́дя'те (búdja'te, “búdhyate - to wake up you”). Cognate with Russian буди́ть (budítʹ), пробужденный (probuždennyj), Ancient Greek πυνθάνομαι (punthánomai).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /búdʱ.jɐ.tɐj/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈbud̪ʱ.jɐ.t̪eː/

Verb

बुध्य॑ते • (búdhyate) third-singular indicative (class 4, type A, root बुध्)

to wake
to know, to understand
to enlighten

Conjugation

Present: बुध्यते (búdhyate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	बुध्यते búdhyate	बुध्येते búdhyete	बुध्यन्ते búdhyante
Second	- -	- -	- -	बुध्यसे búdhyase	बुध्येथे búdhyethe	बुध्यध्वे búdhyadhve
First	- -	- -	- -	बुध्ये búdhye	बुध्यावहे búdhyāvahe	बुध्यामहे búdhyāmahe
Imperative
Third	- -	- -	- -	बुध्यताम् búdhyatām	बुध्येताम् búdhyetām	बुध्यन्ताम् búdhyantām
Second	- -	- -	- -	बुध्यस्व búdhyasva	बुध्येथाम् búdhyethām	बुध्यध्वम् búdhyadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	बुध्यै búdhyai	बुध्यावहै búdhyāvahai	बुध्यामहै búdhyāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	- -	- -	- -	बुध्येत búdhyeta	बुध्येयाताम् búdhyeyātām	बुध्येरन् búdhyeran
Second	- -	- -	- -	बुध्येथाः búdhyethāḥ	बुध्येयाथाम् búdhyeyāthām	बुध्येध्वम् búdhyedhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	बुध्येय búdhyeya	बुध्येवहि búdhyevahi	बुध्येमहि búdhyemahi
Subjunctive
Third	- -	- -	- -	बुध्याते / बुध्यातै búdhyāte / búdhyātai	बुध्यैते búdhyaite	बुध्यन्त / बुध्यान्तै búdhyanta / búdhyāntai
Second	- -	- -	- -	बुध्यासे / बुध्यासै búdhyāse / búdhyāsai	बुध्यैथे búdhyaithe	बुध्याध्वै búdhyādhvai
First	- -	- -	- -	बुध्यै búdhyai	बुध्यावहै búdhyāvahai	बुध्यामहै búdhyāmahai
Participles
	- -			बुध्यमान búdhyamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit.

Imperfect: अबुध्यत (abudhyata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	अबुध्यत abudhyata	अबुध्येताम् abudhyetām	अबुध्यन्त abudhyanta
Second	- -	- -	- -	अबुध्यथाः abudhyathāḥ	अबुध्येथाम् abudhyethām	अबुध्यध्वम् abudhyadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	अबुध्ये abudhye	अबुध्यावहि abudhyāvahi	अबुध्यामहि abudhyāmahi

Related terms

बोध॑ति (bódhati) (alternative present of the same root)
बो॒धय॑ति (bodháyati)
बुद्धि॑ (búddhi)
बु॒द्ध (buddhá)
बो॒ध (bodhá)

Descendants

Dardic:
- Kalasha: búǰik
Prakrit: 𑀩𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀇 (bujjhaï) (see there for further descendants)
Pali: bujjhati