बुद्धि

See also: बुद्ध and बुद्धू

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit बुद्धि (búddhi), from the root verb बुध् (budh, “to understand, comprehend”). Cognate with Marathi बुद्धी (buddhī).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /bʊd̪.d̪ʱiː/, [bʊd̪̚.d̪ʱiː]

Noun

बुद्धि • (buddhi) f (Urdu spelling بدھی)

1. intelligence

   उसकी बुद्धि की हीनता बहुत प्रकट है।

   uskī buddhi kī hīntā bahut prakaṭ hai.

   His lack of intelligence is very apparent.

Declension

Declension of बुद्धि (fem i-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	बुद्धि buddhi	बुद्धियाँ buddhiyā̃
oblique	बुद्धि buddhi	बुद्धियों buddhiyõ
vocative	बुद्धि buddhi	बुद्धियो buddhiyo

Synonyms

• समझ (samajh)
• अक़्ल (aqla)

Derived terms

• बुद्धिमान (buddhimān, “intelligent”)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “बुद्धि”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• Platts, John T. A dictionary of Urdu, Classical Hindi, and English Oxford. 1884. [1]

Rajbanshi

Etymology

From Sanskrit बुद्धि (buddhi). Cognate with Marathi बुद्धी (buddhī).

Noun

बुद्धि (buddhi) (classifier खान, uncountable)

1. wisdom
2. intelligence

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• বুদ্ধি (Assamese script)
• ᬩᬸᬤ᭄ᬥᬶ (Balinese script)
• বুদ্ধি (Bengali script)
• 𑰤𑰲𑰟𑰿𑰠𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀩𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ဗုဒ္ဓိ (Burmese script)
• બુદ્ધિ (Gujarati script)
• ਬੁਦ੍ਧਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌬𑍁𑌦𑍍𑌧𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦧꦸꦢ꧀ꦣꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂥𑂳𑂠𑂹𑂡𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ಬುದ್ಧಿ (Kannada script)
• ពុទ្ធិ (Khmer script)
• ພຸທ຺ຘິ (Lao script)
• ബുദ്ധി (Malayalam script)
• ᠪᡠᡩᢡᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘤𑘳𑘟𑘿𑘠𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠪᠤᢑᢑᠾᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧄𑧔𑦿𑧠𑧀𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐧𑐸𑐡𑑂𑐢𑐶 (Newa script)
• ବୁଦ୍ଧି (Odia script)
• ꢨꢸꢣ꣄ꢤꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆧𑆶𑆢𑇀𑆣𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖤𑖲𑖟𑖿𑖠𑖰 (Siddham script)
• බුද‍්ධි (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩲𑩒𑩭 𑪙𑩮𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚠𑚰𑚛𑚶𑚜𑚮 (Takri script)
• பு³த்³தி⁴ (Tamil script)
• బుద్ధి (Telugu script)
• พุทฺธิ (Thai script)
• བུ་དྡྷི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒥𑒳𑒠𑓂𑒡𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨠𑨃𑨛𑩇𑨜𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *búddʰiṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰúdᶻdʰiš, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰúdʰtis, from *bʰewdʰ- (“to be awake”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬎𐬯𐬙𐬌 (busti), Ancient Greek πῠ́στῐς (pústis), Lithuanian bùsti. Equivalent to बुध् (budh, root) +‎ -ति (-ti).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /búd.dʱi/, [búd̚.dʱi]
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈbud̪.d̪ʱi/, [ˈbud̪̚.d̪ʱi]

Noun

बुद्धि • (búddhi) stem, f

1. intelligence (the power of forming and retaining conceptions and general notions)
2. information; knowledge
   • c. 800 CE – 950 CE, Nārāyaṇa, Hitopadeśa 2:

     बुद्धिर् यस्य बलं तस्य

     buddhir yasya balaṃ tasya

     "whose knowledge, his power"; knowledge is power

3. reason; understanding
4. intellect
5. mind
6. discernment; judgment
7. intention; purpose

Declension

Feminine i-stem declension of बुद्धि (búddhi)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	बुद्धिः búddhiḥ	बुद्धी búddhī	बुद्धयः búddhayaḥ
Vocative	बुद्धे búddhe	बुद्धी búddhī	बुद्धयः búddhayaḥ
Accusative	बुद्धिम् búddhim	बुद्धी búddhī	बुद्धीः búddhīḥ
Instrumental	बुद्ध्या / बुद्धी¹ búddhyā / búddhī¹	बुद्धिभ्याम् búddhibhyām	बुद्धिभिः búddhibhiḥ
Dative	बुद्धये / बुद्ध्यै² / बुद्धी¹ búddhaye / búddhyai² / búddhī¹	बुद्धिभ्याम् búddhibhyām	बुद्धिभ्यः búddhibhyaḥ
Ablative	बुद्धेः / बुद्ध्याः² / बुद्ध्यै³ búddheḥ / búddhyāḥ² / búddhyai³	बुद्धिभ्याम् búddhibhyām	बुद्धिभ्यः búddhibhyaḥ
Genitive	बुद्धेः / बुद्ध्याः² / बुद्ध्यै³ búddheḥ / búddhyāḥ² / búddhyai³	बुद्ध्योः búddhyoḥ	बुद्धीनाम् búddhīnām
Locative	बुद्धौ / बुद्ध्याम्² / बुद्धा¹ búddhau / búddhyām² / búddhā¹	बुद्ध्योः búddhyoḥ	बुद्धिषु búddhiṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Later Sanskrit ³Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Kashmiri: بۄد (bọd)
  • Shina: بد (budi)
  • → Proto-Nuristani:
    • Kamkata-viri: bidī, bədī
    • Prasuni: büdü, büt
• Pali: buddhi
• Prakrit: 𑀩𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (buddhi)
  • Central:
    • Sauraseni Prakrit:
      • Hindustani: budh
        • Hindi: बुध
        • Urdu: بُدھ
  • Eastern:
    • Magadhi Prakrit:
      • Assamese: বুধি (budhi)
      • Middle Bengali: বুধি (budhi)
      • Bihari:
        • Bhojpuri: बुधि (budhi)
        • Maithili: बुधि (budhɨ)
      • Odia: ବୁଧି (budhi), ବୁଧିଳ (budhiḷa)
  • Northern:
    • Khasa Prakrit:
      • Central Pahari:
        • Kumaoni: बुद्दि (buddi)
  • Southern:
    • Helu Prakrit:
      • Sinhalese: බුදු (budu)
    • Maharastri Prakrit:
      • Marathi: बूध (būdh)
  • Western:
    • Takka Apabhramsa:
      • Punjabi: buddh

        Gurmukhi script: ਬੁੱਧ

        Shahmukhi script: بُدّھ

        • Lahnda:
          • Saraiki: ٻُده (ḇudh)
    • Vracada Apabhramsa:
      • Sindhi: ḇudhi, ḇudh

        Arabic script: ٻُڌِ, ٻُڌ

        Devanagari script: ॿुधि, ॿुध

Borrowed words

• → Bengali: বুদ্ধি (buddhi)
• → Dhivehi: ބުއްދި (buddi)
• → Gujarati: બુદ્ધિ (buddhi)
• → Hindi: बुद्धि (buddhi)
• Marathi: बुद्धी (buddhī)
• → Punjabi: ਬੁੱਧੀ (buddhī)
• → Rohingya: buddí
• → Rajbanshi: बुद्धि
• → Sinhalese: බුද්ධි (buddhi)
• → Tagalog: budhi
• → Tamil: புத்தி (putti)

References

• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “बुद्धिः”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
• Monier Williams (1899) “Buddhi”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 733/3.
• “बुद्धि” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 365, column 1.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “buddhi”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 525