कक्षा

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कक्षा (kakṣā). The sense "class, course" didn't exist in Sanskrit and is a calque of English class, which means both "category" and "course, a group of students studying together".

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /kək.ʂɑː/, [kɐk.ʃäː]

Noun

कक्षा • (kakṣā) f (rare, formal)

category (a group, often named or numbered, to which items are assigned based on similarity or defined criteria)
(neologism) class, course
(physics) orbit
पृथ्वी सूर्य की कक्षा में है।
pŕthvī sūrya kī kakṣā mẽ hai.
The Earth is in orbit around the Sun.

Declension

Declension of कक्षा (fem ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	कक्षा kakṣā	कक्षाएँ kakṣāẽ
oblique	कक्षा kakṣā	कक्षाओं kakṣāõ
vocative	कक्षा kakṣā	कक्षाओ kakṣāo

References

McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “कक्षा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

কক্ষা (Assamese script)
ᬓᬓ᭄ᬱᬵ (Balinese script)
কক্ষা (Bengali script)
𑰎𑰎𑰿𑰬𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀓𑀓𑁆𑀱𑀸 (Brahmi script)
ကက္ၑာ (Burmese script)
કક્ષા (Gujarati script)
ਕਕ੍ਸ਼ਾ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌕𑌕𑍍𑌷𑌾 (Grantha script)
ꦏꦏ꧀ꦰꦴ (Javanese script)
𑂍𑂍𑂹𑂭𑂰 (Kaithi script)
ಕಕ್ಷಾ (Kannada script)
កក្ឞា (Khmer script)
ກກ຺ຩາ (Lao script)
കക്ഷാ (Malayalam script)
ᡬᠠᡬᢢᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
𑘎𑘎𑘿𑘬𑘰 (Modi script)
ᢉᠠᢉᢔᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
𑦮𑦮𑧠𑧌𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
𑐎𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐵 (Newa script)
କକ୍ଷା (Odia script)
ꢒꢒ꣄ꢰꢵ (Saurashtra script)
𑆑𑆑𑇀𑆰𑆳 (Sharada script)
𑖎𑖎𑖿𑖬𑖯 (Siddham script)
කක්‍ෂා (Sinhalese script)
𑩜𑩜 𑪙𑪀𑩛 (Soyombo script)
𑚊𑚊𑚶𑚭 (Takri script)
கக்ஷா (Tamil script)
కక్షా (Telugu script)
กกฺษา (Thai script)
ཀ་ཀྵཱ (Tibetan script)
𑒏𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
𑨋𑨋𑩇𑨯𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Derived from a feminine form of कक्ष (kákṣa, “armpit, room”). The sense "class, course" is a neologism formed with influence from Hindi कक्षा (kakṣā).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /kɐk.ʂɑː/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈkɐk.ʂɑː/

Noun

कक्षा • (kakṣā) stem, f

any place surrounded by walls (as a courtyard)
balance
circumference
emulation
equality
orbit of a planet
painful boils in the armpit
periphery
private chamber or room in general
resemblance
rivalry
secluded portion of a building
similarity
surrounding wall
wall
(neologism) class, course

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of कक्षा (kakṣā)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कक्षा kakṣā	कक्षे kakṣe	कक्षाः kakṣāḥ
Vocative	कक्षे kakṣe	कक्षे kakṣe	कक्षाः kakṣāḥ
Accusative	कक्षाम् kakṣām	कक्षे kakṣe	कक्षाः kakṣāḥ
Instrumental	कक्षया / कक्षा¹ kakṣayā / kakṣā¹	कक्षाभ्याम् kakṣābhyām	कक्षाभिः kakṣābhiḥ
Dative	कक्षायै kakṣāyai	कक्षाभ्याम् kakṣābhyām	कक्षाभ्यः kakṣābhyaḥ
Ablative	कक्षायाः / कक्षायै² kakṣāyāḥ / kakṣāyai²	कक्षाभ्याम् kakṣābhyām	कक्षाभ्यः kakṣābhyaḥ
Genitive	कक्षायाः / कक्षायै² kakṣāyāḥ / kakṣāyai²	कक्षयोः kakṣayoḥ	कक्षाणाम् kakṣāṇām
Locative	कक्षायाम् kakṣāyām	कक्षयोः kakṣayoḥ	कक्षासु kakṣāsu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

References

Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “kakṣā”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.